Chamaecyparis

Lawson (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana )

The false cypress (Latin Chamaecyparis [k ʰ amae̯kyparɪs ] < agriech. Χαμαί [k ʰ AMAE ], on the ground ' and κυπάρρισσος [ kypar ː is ː os], Cypress ' ) constitute a genus of flowering plants in the family of the cypress family ( Cupressaceae ). They resemble the genuine cypress so much so that the botanist of the 19th century zuordneten the false cypress species nor the genus of the Real cypress (Cupressus ). The difference between the genuine cypress is that cypresses have more flattened branches and two scale-like leaves and small cones and seed maturation occurs earlier.

Dissemination

The cypresses are in the northern latitudes of North America and East Asia (Japan and Taiwan) home ( Holarctic ), see also in the species.

Some species and their cultivars are ornamental plants for parks and gardens.

Description

They are evergreen trees with pyramidal habit or rarely shrubs. The individual with the highest plant height of the genus Chamaecyparis is a formosensis with a trunk diameter of 5.82 m and a height of 49.4 m on Mount Morrison. The oldest tree of the genus is in Taiwan and is probably about 3000 years old. The scale-like leaves are arranged in four rows on the branches and overlap closely.

They are monoecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ). The male cones are usually ovoid and usually yellow or red; they contain six to eight Mikrosporophylle each with two to four pollen sacs. The female cones are at the ends of branches and are spherical, usually initially green, purple or mostly bluish, becoming brown in the tire. They consist of eight to twelve cone scales. Per fertile scale Zapf two seeds are often included, it can be one to five. Of pollination to maturity of the seeds, it takes about six months. There are a made ​​to 20 seeds per cone. The reddish- brown seeds have two lateral membranous, equal-sized wings.

Seedlings usually have two, rarely three cotyledons ( cotyledons ).

Ingredients

All plant parts are poisonous. The plants contain Thujene, pinene and other terpenes.

The essential oils have very strong irritant effect on skin and mucosa. Taken orally, it first comes to nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

System

A distinction in the genus false cypress (Chamaecyparis ) five species and the following subspecies and varieties:

  • Chamaecyparis formosensis Matsum: . These rare species is located in Taiwan at altitudes 1000-2900 m.
  • Lawson (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana ( A.Murray ) Parl ): This species is native to the western United States.
  • Called Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa ( Sieb. & Zucc ) Endl. . ), Also Muschelzypresse or fire cypress: This species is native to Taiwan. Chamaecyparis obtusa sieve. & Zucc. var obtusa
  • Chamaecyparis obtusa var formosana ( Hayata ) Rehder ( Syn: Chamaecyparis obtusa formosana Hayata forma, C. taiwanensis Masamune & Suzuki)
  • Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. subsp. thyoides
  • Chamaecyparis thyoides subsp. henryae (HL Li) E.Murray ( Syn: Chamaecyparis henryae HL Li, C. thyoides var henryae (HL Li) Little)

For a long time, the type Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don ) Spach ( Syn: Callitropsis nootkatensis (D. Don ) Oerst. ) Was counted the " Nootka cypress " to the cypresses; more recently, it belongs to the genus Xanthocyparis.

Swell

  • Gymnosperms website: Chamaecyparis (English )
  • Flora of China: Chamaecyparis (English )
  • Flora of North America: Chamaecyparis (English )
  • Characteristics of the Botanical Garden of Tübingen.
  • GRIN: Germplasm Resources Information Network: Chamaecyparis
  • Walter Erhardt et al: The big walleye. Encyclopedia of plant names. Volume 2 Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 2008. ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7
Pinophyta
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