Chinese Filipino

A Chinese Filipino ( standard Chinese菲律宾 华人Feilübin Huaren, Hokkien: Hui li pin hua kiao, kant菲律宾 华侨Fei LEOT ban waa kiu, Tagalog. " Tsinoy ", which comes from two words: " Tsino " ( "Chinese" ) and Pinoy ( colloquial term for Filipino) is a person of Chinese origin who was born in the Philippines. Philippine Chinese are one of the largest minorities in the Philippines.

General

The Chinese in the Philippines were there has always been one of the largest minorities and account for about 2% ( 1.5 million ) of the total population of the Philippines from what is a relatively small proportion compared with other countries in Southeast Asia. However, the proportion of marriages between locals and the Chinese to Thailand the highest in the region. Some studies have shown that at least 10% of the Philippine population is partly Chinese descent; Chinese immigration took place since the Spanish colonial era.

Most Chinese in the Philippines come either from Fujian ( about 90 %) and Guangdong ( about 10 %) and speak southern Chinese dialects. They are mostly business people with small or medium-sized enterprises, which play an important role in the Philippine economy. Some have larger companies and are known members of the Philippine economic elite.

Most Filipino Chinese are urban dwellers, as the land was forbidden until recently Chinese. Approx. 60 % of them live in Metro Manila.

Chinese in the Philippines mostly live traditionally and maintain old customs that are no longer maintained in the People's Republic of China. Children of marriages between Chinese and locals live more like other Filipinos. Most of them speak very good English and Tagalog.

Before the Philippinisierungsmaßnahmen of President Ferdinand Marcos Mandarin Chinese was used as the language of instruction in Chinese schools. Speak Partly because of those measures, more and more young Chinese to each other in English or Tagalog.

Most Filipino Chinese are Christians and a church wedding. Of these, the majority are Roman Catholic, with a comparatively high number are Protestants. Among the many Catholics practice Catholicism beside the still traditional Chinese religions, while Protestants reject non- Christian customs more. A minority still practiced exclusively Chinese religions such as Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism.

History

Since about the 10th century made ​​trade relations between China and the Philippines. With the arrival of the Spaniards in the Philippines, many Chinese traders were lured to the Philippines, among others because of the galleon trade between Manila and Acapulco, in the Mexican silver to Manila came to be exchanged for Chinese goods such as silk and porcelain, in turn, by Mexico were shipped.

Through this immigration there were many marriages between Chinese and natives and between Chinese and Spanish- Filipino mestizos. Many ethnic Chinese Filipinos can trace their ancestry Chinese in the colonial period. A second wave of Chinese immigration came in the first half of the 20th century due to unrest in China to the Philippines. The third wave came in the 1980s, after economic reforms in China. Unlike the first two groups, the third group is risen yet the least in the Philippine society.

List of known Filipino Chinese

  • José Rizal - Philippine national hero with ancestors from Fujian
  • Emilio Aguinaldo - Philippine revolutionary with ancestors from Fujian
  • Tony Tan Caktiong - businessman; Founder of Jollibee
  • Kimberly Chiu - winner of Pinoy Big Brother
  • Corazon Cojuangco Aquino - Philippine President from Pampanga with ancestors from Fujian
  • Teodoro M. Locsin - known newspaper editor
  • Rodolpho " Dolphy " Quizon - known comedian
  • Eduardo " Danding " Cojuangco Jr. - relative of Corazon Aquino and well-known businessman
  • Jose " Peping " Cojuanco - former politician and businessman
  • Sergio Osmeña - former President of the Philippines, whose father was a Chinese with Plait, who came from Fujian
  • Jose Mari Chan - internationally known singer-songwriter from Iloilo
  • Ferdinand Marcos - Philippine president and dictator, Chinese - Japanese- Ilocano
  • Román Ongpin - Philippine patron and revolutionary
  • Jaime Lachica Cardinal Sin, Archbishop of Manila and with ancestors from Fujian
  • Henry Sy - the richest Filipino; Founder of SM
  • Lucio Tan - second richest Filipino
  • George Ty - Filipino industrialist
  • Alfonso Yuchengco - Filipino industrialist
  • John Gokongwei - Filipino industrialist

Development

Unlike in Malaysia or Indonesia, where marriages between Chinese and locals hardly occur, is not necessarily clear to see who is Chinese Filipino and who is Filipino with Chinese descent. The definition of who belongs to which group is made ​​more on the basis of cultural criteria. A person pure Chinese descent, who speaks no Chinese, is seen more as a Filipino, while a person with Chinese and Filipino descent, who speaks Chinese and Chinese culture practiced more as a Filipino Chinese is seen.

Filipinos whose Chinese origin already back several generations, hardly more than Chinese are usually be recognized except for the name and partly in appearance, but are completely integrated into the Philippine society. This is also partly because that there is no such strong separation and not so deep rifts between ethnic groups are in the Philippines, as in Indonesia or Malaysia, although there are regions in Indonesia, where the situation is quite similar to the Philippines. An example would be the Minahasa region of North Sulawesi, whose capital city is Manado.

Hokkien dialect Tagalog language Jaime Sin Minahasa people
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