Chromosome 12 (human)

Chromosome 12 is one of 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. A normal person has two nearly identical copies of this chromosome in most of its cells.

Decryption of chromosome 12

The chromosome 12 consists of 132 million base pairs. A base pair is the smallest information unit of DNA. Chromosome 12 contains approximately 4 to 4.5 % of the total DNA of a human cell. The identification of the genes on this chromosome is the part of the ongoing process of the human genome. There are 1000-1400 genes on chromosome 12. So far in 1069 it is known.

Known genes on chromosome 12

The chromosome 12 contains the following genes:

• IAPP islet amyloid polypeptide
• ALK -1: activin receptor-like kinase 1
• LRRK2: dardarin
• GAPDH: glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate dehydrogenase
• VWF: Von Willebrand factor
• Insulin-like growth factors (IGF ) gene for insulin - like growth factor 1 (IGF 1)

Medical importance

With the genes located on chromosome 12, the following genetic diseases or symptoms are associated. These include:

• Hyper- IgD syndrome
• Holt -Oram syndrome
• LEOPARD Syndrome
• Tarui 's disease
• Osler
• Noonan syndrome
• Pallister - Killian syndrome
• Phenylketonuria
• Stickler syndrome
• Trisomy 12
• Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency
• Vitamin D-dependent type 2 Rachtitis