Church of the Holy Trinity, Salzburg

The Roman Catholic Holy Trinity Church is the largest church of fürsterzbischöflicher time in the old town to the right of the Salzach. It is regarded as the most important religious building of the city of Salzburg on the right side of the Salzach.

History

The church is designed as a central building and was built in the years 1694-1702. Authority of the Church and the seminary was the founder Prince Archbishop Johann Ernst von Thun. The contract was carried out in 1694, the consecration of the - still partly unfinished - Church took place in 1699. The church is in conjunction with the same time build St. John's Church ( Church hospital ) the first building Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach in Salzburg. Served as the model doing various religious buildings in Rome (especially Francesco Borromini's church of Sant ' Agnese in Agnone Piazza Navona ). It is striking in this church already generally discreet use of decorative elements, subject themselves to the architectural oeuvre. The entire structure conveys an impression of palatial.

From the building have next to Fischer von Erlach and Bernhard Michael Mandl, inter alia, the following sculptors and stonemasons worked: Wolf Weißkirchner the Younger, Mathias Wilhelm White Kirchner, Sebastian Stumpf Egger, Andreas Götzinger and Lorenz Dräxl.

Specifications

The exterior

The construction of the Salzburg Trinity Church was not on the Hannibal Square (now Makart Square ) directed toward, but to a then narrow side street between the outer mountain road (today Rainer road ) and the Linzer Gasse. That there directly opposite the church standing archbishops pawnshop was demolished until 1907. Today, the central church swings in creating a small slightly elevated church forecourt in the street alignment of ' Dreifaltigkeitsgasse inwards, and forms the lateral wings a representative upper end of the Makart Square.

The initially low steeples were increased later for better visibility of the church behind the pawnshop. The bell chamber shoots were built in 1757, the top spire towers after the fire of the New Town in 1818. Due to the increase of the towers was not improved the overall image of the Church. The architectural center of the sprawling complex with the two great wings of the seminary, which form a uniformly composed façade together with the central church should rather represent the powerful central drum dome of the church.

About the outer church portal stand on the parapet in front of the dome on twin columns of four figures, three of which symbolize the theological virtues ( faith, hope and love). The fourth figure, the Divine Wisdom corner shows four figures have been designed by Bernhard Michael Mandl. Between the figures, the double coat of arms of the Prince Archbishop Johann Ernst von Thun's connected to the Salzburg Provincial coat of arms is attached.

The interior

The interior is a longitudinal oval room with four short barrel-vaulted cross arms, which is surmounted by the large drum dome. The monumental effect of the interior space arises mainly from the simplicity of the building and the towering height of the dominant drum dome. The design harks back away to the inner shape of the Karlskirche in Vienna, illustrating the second sacral main work of Fischer von Erlach in addition to the Collegiate Church.

The large dome fresco designed inside the church Michael Rottmayr 1697-1700. It was Rottmayr first sacral dome fresco and represents the Coronation of the Virgin by the Holy Trinity with the assistance of the Archangel Michael and many other angels, prophets, of the 10 Holy Popes, other saints and the Church Patriarch Represents the fresco sums up the Christian salvation and church history impressively together. The figures are grouped on concentrically arranged banks of clouds. In the top lantern a Holy Spirit dove is shown. The large dome fresco completes the impression of Baroque ecclesia triumphans, the Church Triumphant, within the meaning of baroque self-understanding of the church building.

The stucco-work here by Andrea Sallari and Johann Baptist Redi. You are limited in the main room on the capitals. In the arms of the cross can be found in the Bogenlaibungen Akanthusdarstellungen stucco and stucco boxes. Even cartridges are attached here.

The high altar is made according to plans by Fischer von Erlach. It was created in 1700, revised in 1841 and in 1947 returned to the original condition and has a plastic group of the Trinity group with two adoring angels. The reliquary of St. Ernestus was designed in 1959 by Otto Prossinger.

The two side altars have magnificent life-sized angels, designed by Fischer von Erlach and designed by Michael Bernhard Mandl. The Marie miraculous image of the right side altar dates from the 16th century. The baroque frame this was carried out by Sebastian Stumpfegger.

The left transverse arm is also a tomb of Rupert Knight Order, where there are several marble tablets with grave inscriptions. In this tomb also rests at the heart of the Prince Archbishop Johann Ernst von Thun in a designed by Fischer von Erlach sarcophagus.

The porch lattice comes from the period of the Church. In the grid, the coat of arms Johann Ernst is artfully incorporated by tuna. The marble floor is radially patterned and leads all sides to a central oval with an inscription panel out.

The Priest House

The wings on both sides of the church are three storeys. The portals of these buildings show the coat of arms of the founder, Archbishop Johann Ernst von Thun. They were originally used as a training and accommodation for Civil and noble for students and was also called Collegium Virgilianum.

The priest's house building is arranged around two symmetrical courtyards. In the northern courtyard, the body set up by Josef Anton Pfaff Inger central fountain with St. Peter and bronze animal heads in the run (1741 ).

The central fountain simply held in the southern Kolleghof is from 1857. Priest in the chapel is a Madonna, which was created before 1450 and a crucifix from the 16th century.

Housed here Alumnat ( seminary priest's house ) was a seminar for simulating educated clerics. At first, this was in Alumnat Aschhof the residence, then reason for the seminar was 1591 at the St. Magdalen Hospital purchased and 1616 taught there for the first time at the quay. 1624 moved the Alumnat the Brothers of Mercy Hospital St. Maximilian in Gstätten, and finally to the destruction of the Alumnat by the landslide of 1699 here.

The high princely Collegium Virgilianum (short Virgilianum ) was an institution for six poor youths of pin- moderate aristocracy: one each from Styria, from Bavaria, from Carinthia, the Tyrol, from Bohemia and Austria. They wore it own uniform. The Collegium had spacious study room, bedroom, Exercitia - Ergötzungs - (game) room and living room. Since 1775, lived here also other highly princely Edelknaben if they paid their corresponding food money. The college was headed by a Director and had different instructors (teachers ), including a dance, a fencing - master and two language.

The Collegium of Seven townspeople took one each indigent person for the promotion of the following six (including Friesach seven) cities: Salzburg, Hallein, Radstadt, running and Tittmoning. The Foundation funds innovations came from the mentioned cities. It was expected here that they afterwards mostly occur leavers from gratitude archbishops services. The actual Fellows also Conviktoren for a small Kostgeld were included here.

Today it houses the seminary Archdiocese of Salzburg are (main entrance on the right of the church, Dreifaltigkeitsgasse 12) with guest house ( to the left of the church, Dreifaltigkeitsgasse 12), Rupert Bookstore ( on the corner) and ( Mattseer ) Striftskeller ( closed dzt., Richard Mayr lane 1)