Classroom

The classroom, ARTIST BESTSELLERS BY CATEGORY Klass room or the classroom is a room in a school where the teaching takes place.

General

There are classrooms

• The a class are assigned

• The teachers are assigned to

• The subjects are assigned

In addition, each school has a so-called specialist rooms for which a change of teaching materials between the rooms does not make sense (eg, sciences, music, computer application ). These have adjoining rooms teaching aids that are designed under a technical point (see: preparatory environment at Montessori ). At many schools, the classrooms of local education authorities (eg community college ) rented outside of class time to other user groups.

Size and equipment of classrooms are very different from each other, depending on the age of the building. In new buildings, there are ( in Germany ) usually nationwide uniform requirements ( pattern space program ) in which the relevant provisions are summarized. Since benches and tables are often made ​​of wood, often have several generations of students painted these objects, scribbled or provided with carvings.

Historical Notes

From the youth movement several pedagogical elements have been in the overdone it at the beginning of the 20th century changing state school. In terms of the classroom, which was perceived by the pupils partly as " faceless instruction cell", change the aesthetics and furnishings were often made ​​that reflected the new life and learning. Pestalozzi can be quoted with the slogan "School parlor " by which he wanted to describe the new face of some classrooms.

At the beginning of the 20th century classrooms were decorated with anchored in the floor benches and a podium with the catheter. For any other form of instruction was excluded as a teacher lecture.

At the end of the 20th century outweighed Individual work tables with chairs in the establishment of classes in order to at any time make any arrangement can. So completely different teaching methods can be implemented (even when teachers change). Also in the panel construction, new materials have prevailed. In particular, the development of society has influenced the school interior design. So is currently the learning -promoting and preventive classroom design in the foreground. Classrooms are more Aprendarien ( Oval seating plan ). Sound attenuation, the right colors and floor coverings have a positive effect on teaching. First of all active boards give teachers new ways of teaching design.

Advertising of any kind is prohibited in the classrooms. In the so-called Crucifix decision, the Constitutional Court annulled in 1995 parts of the Bavarian People's school rules on constitutional grounds, which required to bring a crucifix or at least a cross in every classroom of elementary schools. The neutrality of the state forbid it to install religious symbols in the classroom, the children could hurt others with faith. (BVerfGE 93, 1 )

Noise and room acoustics

Current research shows that noise and poor room acoustics greatly hinder learning and teaching. Today it is known as the classroom must be designed so that the acoustic conditions for learners and teachers are excellent. DIN 18041, Acoustic quality in small and medium-sized rooms, contains information how much noise is the maximum allowed and how much sound-absorbing surfaces in the room must be present in order to bring the reverberation time to the optimal value of 0.4-0.6 seconds. In many cases, these values ​​are not achieved.

Temperature and air quality

Classrooms make high demands on the technical infrastructure. The high number of people in a relatively small area allows the room temperature to rise quickly and fall indoor air quality quickly. With these changes, the learning ability of students decreases. To begin the lesson should reign after general demands a room temperature of 21 ° C. People enter the space, and light is additionally necessary, the temperature increases rapidly. The greatest performance but was determined for the range of 21 to 22 ° C, which necessitates a flashing off during class ( also in the heating season ). The increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the ambient air lowers the capacity. Remedy is a mechanical ventilation.

Interior decoration

The design of walls, ceilings and floors has psychophysiological effects: in a comparative study of the Joanneum Institute at an Austrian school, there was a significant stress- reducing, including the heart rate lowering effect on those students who were taught in wood-paneled classrooms. Similarly, the perception by teachers of social stress decreased by the students. In the exposure should be given to glare, can be expected with a rather low firing duration for the lighting (eg elementary schools only about 500 hours per year ), which complicates the amortization of higher technology.

Educational suitability of premises

Pedagogical reasons (eg, the teacher, the class must have always in view ) complicate the plans of classrooms still

• A division into different learning groups, they hinder each other in this way
• Means of several permanent or temporary work areas.

This is the one-sided, head - learning ' strongly preferred. A change in working methods, such as group classes, for a meeting in the class or a role-play, for reasons of space is therefore very difficult. Room for additional movement options for students is not provided.

• Aprendarium

The Aprendarium, a new design of the classroom with oval alignment, now allows the teacher to survey the class at any time. The cooperation of the classroom community ( all students can see ) is optimized. A noisy speech, the student is not required because there is automatically through the oval seating arrangement more aural comprehension. Mainly benefits of language teaching as well as any auditory impaired children. Above all, learning the German language for non-native speakers is facilitated by the oval seating arrangement. The Aprendarium also has a conducive to learning lighting ( trulight ). The floor covering is sound neutral to 17 db. Due to the synergistic arrangement of the furniture and the active board, the teacher and the students learn a new time management. The net teaching time increases by 5-10 minutes. The scientific supervision of Aprendariums is conducted by the University of Osnabrück.

Classrooms in the literature

• Literary mention is made of the classroom in Erich Kästner's novel " The Flying Classroom ".