Cobalt(II) sulfate

• Cobalt sulfate
• Cobaltvitriol

• CoSO4
• CoSO4 · 7 H2O ( heptahydrate )

Ruby crystals ( heptahydrate )

Fixed

• 3.71 g · cm -3 ( anhydrate at 20 ° C)
• 1.95 g · cm -3 ( heptahydrate )
• 3.08 g · cm -3 ( monohydrate)

Decomposition at 735 ° C

Well in water ( 383 g · l-1 at 25 ° C)

Risk

Repealed as carcinogenic

582 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, Rat, oral, heptahydrate )

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Cobalt ( II) sulfate is a violet hygroscopic salt of sulfuric acid. The toxic, carcinogenic powder takes on exposure to moist air hydration and forms the light purple to carmine, cobalt ( II ) sulfate heptahydrate from. Dependent on temperature occur and the hexahydrate and the monohydrate.

Occurrence

Cobalt (II ) sulfate is rarely present in the form of some crystalline hydrate minerals along the oxidation zones of primary cobalt minerals (such as skutterudite or cobaltite ). These are: Biebierit ( heptahydrate ), Moorhouseit (Co, Ni, Mn ) SO4 · 6 H2O, Aplowit (Co, Mn, Ni ) SO4 · 4 H2O and Cobaltkieserit (monohydrate).

Production and representation

Cobalt (II ) sulphate is formed by the action of sulfuric acid in terms of elemental cobalt, or cobalt oxide such as cobalt (II ) oxide.

Properties

Anhydrous cobalt ( II ) sulfate is polymorphic and crystallizes as orthorhombic A- form or monoclinic B-form. The hepta and monohydrate form monoclinic crystal structures. The heptahydrate cleaves at 41.5 ° C from crystal water and forms the violet hexahydrate. This in turn is made by elimination of water of crystallization at 71 ° C for red monohydrate.

Use

Cobalt (II ) sulfate is used to produce pigments, glazes, in porcelain painting, the toning of paper ( photography), in baths for cobalt Electroplating and Spurenelementsupplementierung used in the aquarium hobby and others.

In addition, the salt was added in the 1960 years beer, in order to increase the stability of the foam. As a result, there were in Canada and the United States in a number of cases of cobalt -induced cardiomyopathy ( cobalt cardiomyopathy). In Quebec, 64 patients were 49, in Omaha registered. The symptoms included stomach pain, weight loss, nausea, shortness of breath and cough. The mortality rate was about 40 %. Autopsies revealed severe damage to the heart muscle and liver. All patients were heavy beer drinkers (1.5 to 3 liters / day). She prefers consumed varieties of local breweries that had started about a month earlier to mix the beer cobalt ( II ) sulphate as a foam stabilizer. The limits for cobalt in food had not been exceeded. The occurrence of cases came to a halt immediately after the breweries einstellten the cobalt ( II ) sulfate admixtures.