Comloșu Mare
Comlosu Mare ( German wholesale Komlosch, Hungarian Nagykomlós, Serbian Cyrillic Veliki Komluš / Beлиҝи Комлош ) is a municipality in the southwest of the Banat, in Timiş county, Romania, near the border with Serbia.
Location
Comlosu Mare is located 60 kilometers northwest of Timisoara and 2 kilometers from the border with Serbia.
Neighboring towns
History
The town was first mentioned in 1446 as property of the landowner and Mihai Anrdei Comloşan. 1734 settled on the territory of today Comlosu Mare Romanians from Oltenia. 1781, the village was inhabited by Germans from Luxembourg.
As a result of the Waffen-SS Agreement of May 12, 1943 between the Antonescu government and Hitler's Germany all ethnic German conscript men were drafted into the German army. Even before the war, in January 1945, the deportation of all ethnic German women took place in the Soviet Union 18-30 years and men aged from 16 to 45 Jahrenzur construction work. The land reform law of 23 March 1945 which provided for the expropriation of German farmers in Romania, the rural population deprived the livelihood. The nationalization law of June 11, 1948, provided for the nationalization of all industrial and commercial establishments, banks and insurance companies, whereby all farms were expropriated, regardless of ethnicity. On June 18, 1951, the deportation took place in the Bărăgan - steppe, according to the " plan for the evacuation of elements over a stretch of 25 km, representing their presence a threat to the border area with Yugoslavia " instead. When the Bărăganverschleppten returned home in 1956, they were back in 1945 expropriated houses and farms, the field possession but was collectivized.
Culture
Church
The Roman Catholic church of the community was built in 1868 in Gothic style, the Greek - Catholic 1889-1891 The foundations of the Orthodox church was laid in 1933 and is located in the village belonging to the municipality of Lunga. .
School
1833, the new school was built and launched in 1892 a girls' school of the School Sisters of Notre Dame in life. In the monastery there was next to schools, a girls' boarding school.
Since 1949, the present school is in operation. It was completely renovated in 2003 and has 21 classrooms, 2 laboratories, 1 computer science room, a library with a stock of 4,300 volumes and a sports hall. 29 teachers serve 450 students.
Economy
Initially, the economic life of the inhabitants of Comlosu Mare was dominated by sheep farming. After the settlement of the Germans developed more and more agriculture. Trade and crafts also took a high priority.
Population
Serbs
After the victory over the Turks at the Battle of Zenta (1697 ), the first Serbs came to Comlosu Mare. They dealt mainly with sheep farming. The Serbs erected the Greek Orthodox Serbian church on a hill at the site where the present school is located. They called the place Veliki Komluš.
Romanians
After the Peace of Passarowitz ( 1717) was the Oltenia ( Oltenia ) Austrian province. After the Turks took Belgrade in 1739, part of the population was forced to flee from Oltenia. 1739 settled 28 families from Craiova, Slatina and Polovragi in Comlosu Mare. The Olten dealt mainly with sheep farming.
Slovaks
Acquired the estate in 1781 Christoph Nako. 1782 could be as a result of the recruitment campaign of the brothers Nako some Slovak families in Comlosu Mare down. The Slovaks were Protestant faith, the first Lutherans in the Banat.
German
1771 the first Germans were resettled from Luxembourg. 1788 German settlers came from Moravia. Between 1791 and 1794 more German came by internal migration from other German locations added in the Banat. The Germans occupied themselves mainly with farming and agriculture. But even artisans were among them. There is evidence that the first blacksmith from Comlosu Mare, John Kastl, and the first Wagner, Anton Roth shoe, were German. The Germans were Roman Catholic faith.
Twinning
Immediately after the turn, between 1992 and 1994, concluded the mayor Ioan ciorba partnerships with the neighboring towns of Serbian Kikinda and Nakovo ( Nakodorf ).
Personalities
- Oprea Grozescu (1839-1872), Romanian Greek - Orthodox priest
- William Totok (* 1951), German writer and journalist
- Ion Iancu (* 1931), orchestra conductor at the opera Timişoara
- Hans Diplich (1909-1990), German-born poet and writer
- Anna Sage (1889-1943), prostitutes and brothel manager ( "Lady in Red" )