Crocidura

Toothed shrew ( Crocidura suaveolens )

The genus of white tooth or eyelash shrews ( Crocidura ) is a mammalian genus from the family of shrews ( Soricidae ). In a broader sense, this term is applied to the sub-family of Crocidurinae. With around 170 species it is the most diverse mammal species at all, three species ( the field shrew, the house shrew and the shrew ) also live in Central Europe.

Features

The fur of these shrews is dense and silky, it is colored brown, gray or black at the top, the underside is lighter. The tail is long and as the rear part of the body provided with lashes. The claws are short in comparison to other shrew species, the teeth 28 are colored white. These shrews reach head hull lengths from 4 to 18 centimeters which must be added 4 to 11 inches dick come. Weight may vary depending on the type 3-65 grams.

Distribution and habitat

White toothed shrews are confined to the Old World, they occur in Eurasia and Africa, the largest biodiversity prevails in central Africa. They inhabit a variety of habitats, such as forests and grasslands, but also fields and sometimes penetrate into the building.

Way of life

Like all shrews they feed primarily on invertebrates (such as insects and earthworms ) and are characterized by a high metabolic rate. So they consume daily almost their own body weight in food. They are very prolific, one or more times per year, after about three to four weeks of gestation period of two to ten pups.

Threat

In particular, some species with small distribution area are threatened. Immediately threatened with extinction ( critically endangered ) are IUCN dhofarensis C., C. Harenna, C. negrina, C. and C. thomensis wimmeri and additionally there is endemic to Christmas Island species C. trichura that may already be extinct. 15 species are considered endangered ( endangered ) and 20 as threatened ( vulnerable ), for some species but lacked data.

The types

In total, over 170 species can be distinguished. In Central Europe, three species live:

• The field shrew ( Crocidura leucodon )
• The house shrew ( Crocidura Russula ) as well as
• The toothed shrew ( Crocidura suaveolens )

Four other species, C. sicula ( in Sicily ), C. ichnusae ( in Sardinia ), C. canariensis ( the Canary Islands) and C. manni room ( on Crete) are native to southern Europe. Most species live in Africa ( about a hundred species are restricted to the central or southern Africa) or Southeast Asia ( where there are several species endemic to the Philippines, Indonesia and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands ). The following list follows Wilson & Reeder (2005):

• Crocidura aleksandrisi is known only from Nordostlibyen.
• Crocidura allex lives in Kenya and northern Tanzania.
• Crocidura andamanensis is endemic to the Andaman Islands.
• Crocidura ansellorum is known only from northern Zambia.
• Crocidura arabica is in Oman and Yemen home.
• Crocidura arispa living in Anatolia.
• Crocidura armenica is based in Armenia.
• Crocidura attenuata is common in much of Southeast Asia.
• Crocidura attila live in Nigeria, Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
• Crocidura baileyi is endemic in the highlands of Ethiopia.
• Crocidura baluensis lives in Sumatra and Borneo.
• Crocidura batesi is located in southern Cameroon and Gabon.
• Crocidura beatus lives in the southern Philippines.
• Crocidura beccarii is endemic to Sumatra.
• Crocidura bottegi is distributed from Guinea to Kenya.
• Crocidura bottegoides lives only in the highlands of Ethiopia.
• Crocidura brunnea is endemic to Java.
• Crocidura buettikoferi is distributed from Guinea to Nigeria.
• Crocidura caliginea is known only from the north- eastern DR Congo.
• The Canary shrew ( Crocidura canariensis ) lives in the Canary Islands.
• Crocidura caspica lives on the west coast of the Caspian Sea.
• Crocidura cinderella is known from Gambia and Mali.
• Crocidura congobelgica lives only in north- eastern DR Congo.
• Crocidura crenata is widespread in southern Cameroon, Gabon and the DRC.
• Crocidura crossei lives of Sierra Leone to Cameroon.
• Crocidura cyanea is native to southern Africa.
• Crocidura denti lives in Cameroon, Gabon and the DRC.
• Crocidura desperata is known only from southern Tanzania.
• Crocidura dhofarensis from Oman is threatened with extinction.
• Crocidura dolichura is spread from Nigeria to Uganda.
• Crocidura douceti comes from Guinea to Nigeria before.
• Crocidura dsinezumi lives in Japan and Jeju -do.
• Crocidura eisentrauti is known only from western Cameroon.
• Crocidura elgonius occurs in Kenya and Tanzania.
• Crocidura elongata is endemic to Sulawesi.
• Crocidura erica lives only in western Angola.
• Crocidura fischeri occurs in Kenya and Tanzania.
• Crocidura flavescens is native to South Africa and Mozambique.
• Crocidura floweri lives in Egypt.
• Crocidura foetida is native to Borneo.
• Crocidura foxi is known only from Nigeria.
• Crocidura fuliginosa lives in Southeast Asia.
• Crocidura fulvastra is distributed from Mali to Kenya.
• Crocidura Fumosa is known only from Kenya.
• Crocidura fuscomurina is distributed from Senegal and Ethiopia to South Africa.
• Crocidura Glassi lives only in the highlands of Ethiopia.
• Crocidura gmelini comes from Iran to China before.
• Crocidura goliath lives in southern Cameroon, Gabon and the DRC.
• Crocidura gracilipes is known only from northern Tanzania.
• Crocidura grandiceps is distributed from Guinea to Nigeria.
• Crocidura grandis is endemic to Mindanao in Mount Malindang National Park.
• Crocidura grassei is found in Cameroon, Central Africa and Gabon.
• Crocidura grayi lives in the northern Philippines.
• Crocidura greenwoodi is known only from southern Somalia.
• Crocidura Harenna only lives in the Bale Mountains of Ethiopia and is threatened with extinction.
• Crocidura hildegardeae is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa.
• Crocidura hilliana lives in Thailand.
• Crocidura hirta is spread from Somalia to South Africa.
• Crocidura hispida is endemic to the Andaman Islands.
• Crocidura horsfieldii is widespread in South and Southeast Asia.
• Crocidura hutanis is known from Sumatra.
• Crocidura ichnusae lives in North Africa and southern Italy.
• Crocidura indochinensis occurs in Vietnam.
• Crocidura jacksoni is native from eastern DRC to northern Tanzania.
• Crocidura jenkinsi is endemic to the Andaman Islands.
• Crocidura jouvenetae lives in West Africa.
• Crocidura katinka lives in Southwest Asia.
• Crocidura kivuana is based in the DRC and Rwanda.
• Crocidura lamottei is distributed from Senegal to Cameroon.
• Crocidura lanosa occurs in the east of the DRC and Rwanda.
• Crocidura lasiura lives in East Siberia, Korea and Manchuria.
• Crocidura Latona lives in northeastern DR Congo.
• Crocidura lea is known only from North Sulawesi.
• Crocidura lepidura occurs on Sumatra.
• The field shrew ( Crocidura leucodon ) lives in Europe and Asia Minor.
• Crocidura levicula is endemic to Sulawesi.
• Crocidura littoralis lives only in north- eastern DR Congo.
• Crocidura longipes is known only from western Nigeria.
• Crocidura lucina occurs in the highlands of Ethiopia.
• Crocidura Ludia is located in the northern DRC.
• Crocidura luna is spread from Kenya to Zimbabwe.
• Crocidura Lusitania lives in the Sahel region from Morocco to Ethiopia.
• Crocidura macarthuri is based in Kenya and Somalia.
• Crocidura macmillani lives only in the highlands of Ethiopia.
• Crocidura macowi is known only from northern Kenya.
• Crocidura malayana inhabits the Malay Peninsula.
• Crocidura manengubae lives in Cameroon.
• Crocidura maquassiensis occurs in Zimbabwe and South Africa.
• Crocidura mariquensis is widespread in southern Africa.
• Crocidura Maurisca lives in Uganda and Kenya.
• Crocidura maxi is on Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands widespread.
• Crocidura mindorus lives only in Mindoro (Philippines).
• Crocidura miya is endemic to Sri Lanka.
• Crocidura monax living in southern Kenya and northern Tanzania.
• Crocidura monticola inhabits the Malay Peninsula, Java and Borneo.
• Crocidura montis is based in Uganda, Kenya and northern Tanzania.
• Crocidura muricauda is distributed from Guinea to Ghana.
• Crocidura musseri lives on Sulawesi.
• Crocidura mutesae is known only from Uganda.
• Crocidura nana lives in Ethiopia and Somalia.
• Crocidura nanilla is distributed from Mauritania to Kenya and northern DRC.
• Crocidura neglecta is endemic to Sumatra.
• Negros Shrew ( Crocidura negrina ) inhabits the Philippine island of Negros and is in great danger.
• Crocidura nicobarica is endemic to the Nicobar Islands.
• Crocidura nigeriae lives in Nigeria, Cameroon and Bioko on.
• Crocidura nigricans inhabits Angola and Zambia.
• Crocidura nigripes is endemic to Sulawesi.
• Crocidura nigrofusca is distributed from Sudan and Ethiopia to Zambia.
• Crocidura nimbae comes from Guinea to Liberia before.
• Crocidura niobe lives in the east of DR Congo and Uganda.
• Crocidura obcurior is native of Sierra Leone to the Ivory Coast.
• Crocidura olivieri is spread from Egypt and Senegal to South Africa.
• Crocidura orientalis inhabits Java.
• Crocidura orii is endemic to the Ryukyu Islands.
• Crocidura osorio lives in the Canary Islands.
• Crocidura palawanensis is endemic to Palawan.
• Crocidura paradoxura occupied Sumatra.
• Crocidura parvipes is distributed from Cameroon and Sudan to Zambia.
• Crocidura pasha inhabits the Sudan and Ethiopia.
• Crocidura pergrisea lives in the western Himalayan regions.
• Crocidura phaeura is known only from southwestern Ethiopia.
• Crocidura picea lives in West Cameroon.
• Crocidura pitmani inhabited Zambia.
• Crocidura planiceps is spread from Nigeria to Ethiopia
• Crocidura poensis Guinea is home to Cameroon and Angola.
• Crocidura polia lives in northeastern DR Congo.
• Crocidura pullata is spread from Afghanistan to Thailand.
• Crocidura raineyi is known only from Central Kenya.
• Crocidura ramona inhabited the Negev desert in Israel.
• Crocidura rapax inhabited southern China.
• Crocidura religiosa living in the Egyptian Nile Valley.
• Crocidura Rhoditis is endemic to Sulawesi.
• Crocidura roosevelti inhabited the central Africa.
• The house shrew ( Crocidura russula ) lives in Europe and North Africa.
• Crocidura selina lives in Uganda.
• Crocidura serezkyensis is spread from Asia Minor to Kazakhstan.
• Crocidura shantungensis lives in China.
• Crocidura sibirica is native to Siberia and Mongolia.
• Crocidura sicula lives in Sicily and Malta.
• Crocidura silacea is widespread in southern Africa.
• Crocidura smithii is known from Senegal, Ethiopia and Somalia.
• Crocidura somalica comes from Mali prior to Somalia.
• Crocidura stenocephala inhabits the eastern DR Congo.
• Crocidura suahelae lives in central Africa.
• The toothed shrew (C. suaveolens ) ( shrew ) lives in Eurasia.
• Crocidura Susiana lives only in southwest Iran.
• Crocidura tanakae occurs on Taiwan.
• Crocidura tansaniana lives in northern Tanzania.
• Crocidura Tarella is based in Uganda.
• Crocidura tarfayaensis inhabits the Atlantic coast of Morocco to Mauritania.
• Crocidura telfordi is based in Tanzania.
• The Timor shrew ( Crocidura tenuis ) is endemic to Timor.
• Crocidura thalia lives in the highlands of Ethiopia.
• Crocidura theresae is distributed from Guinea to Ghana.
• Crocidura trichura lives only on Christmas Island. The species was last seen in 1985 and is possibly already extinct.
• Crocidura turba is distributed from Cameroon to Zambia.
• Crocidura ultima is known only from western Kenya.
• Crocidura usambarae inhabited northern Tanzania.
• Crocidura viaria is spread from Morocco to Tanzania.
• Crocidura virgata is a largely unknown Art
• Crocidura voi is native of Mali to Kenya and Somalia.
• Crocidura vorax lives in China.
• Crocidura vosmaeri is a largely unknown Art
• Crocidura watasei is endemic to the Ryukyu Islands.
• Crocidura whitakeri inhabited northern Africa.
• Crocidura wimmeri lives only in the Ivory Coast and is threatened with extinction.
• Crocidura wuchihensis living on Hainan.
• Crocidura Xantippe lives in Kenya and Tanzania.
• Crocidura yankariensis is spread from Nigeria to Kenya.
• Crocidura zaphiri occupied Ethiopia and Kenya.
• Crocidura zarudnyi lives in Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan.
• Crocidura zimmeri is known only from the south-east of the DRC.
• Crocidura manni room is endemic to Crete.