Cromwell Manor
Cromwell Manor and David Cromwell House or Joseph Sutherland House is a mansion on the Angola Road in Cornwall, New York, just south of U.S. Highway 9W. It is entered in the National Register of Historic Places since June 3, 1996. Of the existing four buildings are two important properties: the 1820 neo-classical and 1840 extended the main house and one dating from the year 1779 Cottage called The Chimneys, the original residential building on the site.
At the time of its construction was Cromwell Manor one of the first major buildings in rural Cornwall, rather than as luxuriously decorated farm house and one of the first to be built of brick neo-classical buildings in the city. After the family Cromwell lived more than a century, it was sold and converted into a retirement home for retired teachers. Currently (2009) it serves as a Bed and Breakfast.
Description
On the approximately three acres of grounds, there are four contributing properties: the main house, The Chimneys, a guest house and outhouse. Also located on the property nor a well and a garage, which, however, are not considered as contributing, as they originate from the 20th century.
The main house is a two story brick building with five bays. A portico runs the entire front of the building and is supported by six large square pillars. The house sits on a low elevation and is geared towards the mountains of the Black Rock Forest in the Hudson Highlands. The roof is flat with a cornice and a plain frieze on the eaves. In each of the four corners there is a fireplace. A two-story, rectangular attachment is connected to the north end and a glazed terrace runs the full length of the rear side, the west side.
Both at the front and at the back window sills and lintels are made of sandstone. The main entrance has a composite, glazed door, decorated with applied decorative wooden elements, side windows let light into the interior. Sit pilasters that support a up to the second floor reaching molded cornice on the flanks of the entrance.
Inside the houses are arranged around a central main hall. Many of the original features are still intact, including the ceilings and moldings provided with architraves and sculpted in marble mantelpieces. Sliding doors divide the audience chamber.
The Chimneys, the original home of Joseph Sutherland, is a verschindeltes created in post and beam construction cottage on a stone base. It consists of two wings. The main tract is a eineinhalbstöckiger construction, the wing on the south side is story. The interior was extensively renovated since then, the barn door-type entrance and the fireplace mantels are original. A non- contributory fountain located outside the building.
The guest house, a built in post and beam construction house with a gable roof, is located west of the main house, the outhouse is located southwest. The modern garage is located northeast of the main house.
History
The Sutherland family, one of the oldest in Cornwall, New York bought in the 18th century most of the area through which the Angola Road runs today. The houses of Daniel and David Sutherland are located further north, closer to the center of the village. Joseph Sutherland was built about 1779 the small cottage on the grounds. He operated in the building a guest house and a shoemaker's workshop.
David Cromwell was a local businessman and farmer and according to some accounts, a descendant of Oliver Cromwell, the mid-17th century, the British monarchy fell, bought the property in 1830 from the Sutherlands. He lived until about 1835, when the construction of the main building was completed, in their house. This larger house was a step away from the construction of such houses in Cornwall until then, which was adapted to what the farmer was able to generate on its surrounding land. Cromwell House is also famous by the use of bricks.
The guest house was built in 1840 and the outhouse around 1890. Cromwell Manor remained in the family until 1941, until Emily Cromwell of the Association of Retired Teachers sold. These used it as a retirement home for retired teacher from New York City. 1988 sold the organization the property to the current owner.