Cylindrus obtusus
Cylinder rock worm ( Cylindrus obtusus ), not yet full-grown housing
The cylinder - rock worm ( Cylindrus obtusus ) is a country lung worm ( gastropod ) from the family of helicid ( Helicidae ). It is the only species of the genus genus Cylindrus Fitzinger, 1833 (from the Greek κύλινδρος " roll, roll, barrel" ). According to some authors the genus name Cylindrus Fitzinger, 1833, however, invalid and should be replaced by Cochlopupa Jan, 1830.
Features
The housing is rechtsgewunden and in the young animal initially spherical, later soon barrel-shaped. It has seven to eight weakly convex whorls, which increase slowly and regularly. The apex is rounded spherical. The seams are relatively low, the navel is closed. It measures 11 to 14 mm by 4 to 6 mm, a maximum of 17 x 7 mm. The first turns are horn- colored brown and translucent, which later turns light blue gray and opaque. The estuary is approximately elliptical with almost straight spindle edge and curved outer edge. Dead body pale but quickly and are then more or less whitish. The mouth edges are bent and thickened slightly lipped. Shows the housing on the outside only weak Anwachsstreifung. The soft body itself is dark gray, slim and quite small, up to 12 mm long ( Kopffuß ).
Geographical distribution and behavior
The cylinder - rock auger is an Austrian Eastern Alps - endemic ( Draparnaud was mistakenly referred to as native France to ) and an " ice age relic ". The species is found only on limestone peaks between Schneeberg and the Hohe Tauern and has been reported from nearly 250 locations (Salzburg ( Kleinarltal ), East Tyrol, Carinthia (upper Gail Valley ) ). Uncertainty still seems a housing fund ( washed in ) from Lake Constance.
The cylinder - rock auger is Psychro and hygrophilous and avoid the direct sun, even very heliophob (the sun fleeing ) is. It comes on limestone soils in the krummholz and alpine rose zone (ie, between about 1500 ( north side ) and 2650 m ( south side )) made in Schneetälchen, carts, sinkholes, small gorges - so in the Karst. Since the animals are shy, you get them alive hard to face, as W. Klemm ( communicated in Adensamer 1962) after a night committing described has: in the early morning (weather permitting ) all hide in crevices, under boulders, in crevices. The Vagilität is very low ( in "bad weather " a few centimeters per day). Locally they are usually lots of available -. Their food consists in fungi ( lichens), algae, moss ( protonemata ), pollen, etc. - The hermaphroditic animals lay few eggs and are 5-6 years old.
As a result of global warming, the screw is considered potentially vulnerable, since they can not escape "upwards" by many of their current habitats.
System
Draparnaud described these rocks snail as " Pupa obtusa " and took on the basis of similarities housing a relationship to the dolls snails ( Pupillidae: Genus " Pupa " = today for T. Vertigo ) on. In habit it is also reminiscent of representatives of the keg snails ( Orculidae ) or wolverine snails ( Enidae ). So far, the nature of the monotypic genus Cylindrus Leopold Fitzinger, 1833 was submitted. According to some authors, however, the name is Cylindrus by Cylindrus Batsch, 1789 and preoccupied Cylindrus Deshayes, 1824 and therefore invalid. Overlook was also that Cylindrus Fitzinger, 1833 is a junior synonym of Cochlopupa Jan, 1830.
The surprise was great when it turned out that Cylindrus must be a Helicide after his genital anatomy ( subfamily Ariantinae - also Helicigoninae and Campylaeinae called ).
First investigations of the ecology at different levels in the distribution area on the Dürrenstein in Lunz am See Wilhelm Kühnelt published in 1937. Recent studies and genetic studies drew back the different distances of the different subpopulations at high uniformity in Eidonomie at the center. There are open questions also regarding the phylogenetic derivation.