Daniel Bonifacius von Haneberg
Daniel Boniface of Haneberg OSB ( born June 17, 1816 in firs at Lenzfried, † May 31 1876 in Speyer ) was a German Benedictine, Abbot, theologian, orientalist and bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Speyer.
Life
Origin and Youth
Daniel Haneberg - Boniface came later added as a religious name - was the son of the farmer Tobias Haneberg and his wife Franziska born Haibel, on the farmstead firs, parish of St. Magnus was born in Lenzfried in Kempten. He was the third of four sons of the married couple. His mother died when Daniel was nine years old.
First, the boy attended the public school, then high school in Kempten. Already in 1829 - that is 13 years old - he started there, the study of Hebrew and entered into correspondence with the rabbi Thannhäuser. He also began still in Kempten Syriac, Arabic and Persian to learn. Soon, however, the provincial learning opportunities for the inquisitive boys were no longer sufficient. His school teacher Böhm therefore advised him to continue his high school studies in the city of Munich. This did Haneberg and attended the "Old School ", later Wilhelm Grammar School in 1834, where he took in 1835 from a high school.
After leaving school he started in the same year in Munich to study philosophy and theology, with Ignaz von Dollinger and Johann Adam Mohler among his professors. 1837 Haneberg entered as a student at the college in Georgianum in Munich. In his linguistic studies it could offer nothing new lectures on Hebrew, Syriac and Aramaic. All the more diligent he now learned Chinese and Sanskrit, as well as various modern languages. On 13 August 1839, he received his doctorate in Latin for Doctor of Theology and received on 29 August of the same year in his home diocese of Augsburg by Bishop Peter of Richarz the priesthood.
Professor of Theology
Even on 4 December 1839, the new priest was admitted as a lecturer, in 1840 he was appointed extraordinary, in 1844 full professor at the University of Munich. He taught here the trays Old Testament and Oriental Languages . From 1845, Haneberg worked as a university preacher ( chaplain ). 1848 he was appointed a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences.
Haneberg was considered a linguistic genius; mainly he pursued the study of Hebrew, he spoke fluent Arabic, Coptic, Ethiopic, Armenian, Persian, Sanskrit and Chinese. Knowledge of French, English, Portuguese and other languages were him, of course. The Modern Greek as he spoke his native language, even in the Russian and Turkish he could communicate.
Benedictine
After he had entered 1850 in the Benedictine Abbey of St. Boniface at Munich, he was here in 1854 elected abbot. His professor career, he also maintained as a Benedictine. When Order entry he had received the additional name " Boniface ". For the purpose of establishing a mission house, he traveled among others 1861 to Algeria, Tunis and Constantine 1864 Opel to Palestine. Because of his talent for languages and the acquired knowledge of the travel Oriental Churches in 1868 he was appointed consultant to the Vatican Council, as a member of the Commission for the Oriental Churches. At the Council he was a member of the minority, which is to oppose the dogma of papal infallibility. Unlike his old friend and Professor Ignaz von Dollinger, however Haneberg took the council decision to no ifs and buts and defended it strongly.
Bishop of Speyer
Multiple Haneberg appeals had refused to vacant bishoprics, so 1858 in Bamberg, 1864 in Trier, 1865 in Cologne, 1866 in Eichstätt. 1866 was his elevation to the peerage. Finally he took at the insistence of the Pope to a place on August 25, 1872 election, which appointed him to the bishopric of Speyer. He received his episcopal consecration on 25 August 1872, the then Archbishop of Munich, Gregor von Scherr.
Haneberg found a Bishop Nikolaus von Weis decades well managed diocese. In his first pastoral letter of 14 September 1872, he confesses that it " lively feelings of shyness " befell when he at the " great success" and the " blessing he has spread during an official activity of 27 years throughout the diocese " think. In this activity, the new chief shepherd built up and worked - despite his scientific genius - especially as a tireless " pastoral bishop" and less outstanding deeds.
At the office he greets loving all people, even non-Catholics and invites them after Professorenart to share with him their opinions:
"It encouraged me, is one of many to have indeed experienced in part saying that it is one of the prevailing characteristics of the inhabitants of this beautiful Gaus, to love an open and free exchange of views. Well then, I shall see but also of the spirit of those have nothing to fear, do not stand on the ground and in the unity of the Church their public teachings and customs and speak out about it. You may do it ... No one we despise, everyone, including the Church of the isolated air we wish the full blessing of Christianity, and in particular we wish to live among us, the children of Israel the knowledge of Jesus Christ as the true Son of God and Savior of the world. "
When in 1873 the cholera raged in Speyer and many lives were lost, used the Bishop every day with his secretary Vicar Black, with cathedral minister Dietrich Becker and the Domkaplänen Konrad Busch ( later Bishop ) and Frederick Molz despite the highest risk of infection personally the sick in the homes and hospitals.
Although he was sickly, he did not spare himself. He traveled to local communities. Often it was bad, several times he fell as a result of efforts to faint. Domdekan White once said anxiously to him, " If you continue do so then we have only 3 years. "
Bishop Haneberg took on 7 October 1874 in Hohenschwangau Castle, the crossing of Queen Marie of Bavaria to the Catholic religion contrary.
The friend of Haneberg priest writer Sebastian Brunner visited him in September 1875 in Speyer. He says very clearly how he was received by his friend, and how he found him:
" Haneberg met me already at the door of his room, with his peculiar extremely friendly and benevolent smile, which he used to launch some laughter sounds through the nose, the mouth being closed. I had, not seen him since August 31, 1872 for three years. He came to me the same for the first moment emaciated and aged. The conversation was soon in the cheerful way ... In the afternoon I took a walk with Haneberg on the banks of the Rhine ... Haneberg had on a black, tight-fitting, girded with a cincture gowns. Now to me the tall, slender man came before fortiori strikingly emaciated. "
Brunner was shocked by the poor appearance of the friend and trusted the professor also present Benedict wine hard to:
" For Haneberg the pastoral office is straight exhausting, he eats relentlessly, I've heard that it more often in a day two or three times preach at visitations, but because use all ideas nothing. In addition still worry, grief and displeasure in abundance. He looks bad. He can not possibly endure so long. "
In May 1876, the Chief Shepherd became ill with pneumonia. The three doctors said unanimously that the disease will not itself bring about the anticipated death, but the lack of resistance and the generally weakened organism. So indeed it happened. Bishop Haneberg died on 31 May 1876 in the morning at 9.15 clock. He had wiped out mercilessly at the service of the Diocese of Speyer.
The funeral took place in the cathedral at Speyer on June 2. About 200 priests, the bishops Wilhelm Emmanuel von Ketteler of Mainz, Franz Leopold of Leonrod from Eichstätt, and Abbot Benedict Zenetti ( from Speyer to arise and Hanebergs successor in the Abbey of St. Boniface ) attended the funeral service. Hanebergs former Munich students, Cathedral Priest Dietrich Becker held the funeral sermon. She appeared in the print and forms a separate chapter in A. Huth Haneberg biography. The final passage was:
" And now you high cathedral of Speyer, in which so many imperial and ecclesiastical prince found his last resting, is your bishop, who can no longer offer the Holy Sacrifice in you, a peaceful grave. Spread your high arch over its undisturbed resting place until the Day of Judgment his body will rise again and we will be moving with him in the Transfiguration. "
After Jacob Bissons 7 Speyer bishops and your time Wilhelm Redelberger has, the then oldest priest of the diocese of Speyer ( 1853-1949 ), as ear-witness, in 1945 can quote this particularly impressive for him section free. Bisson reported in his book, further, that the seated beneath the pulpit Bishop Ketteler was crying while listening to Becker's funeral sermon and the words agreed by repeatedly nodding his head. Wilhelm Emmanuel von Ketteler had at that time also expressed: " Oh but has before God and his Church, that he has taken her such a bishop as Haneberg! "
An Alsatian clergyman who knew him well, wrote the pilgrims about the deceased
" Haneberg was big and awesome shape, mighty in spirit, strong in the Word, humble in mind, condescending in goodness abounds with science, strict with yourself and loving towards others. "
Grave
As a grave inscription was chosen in reference to his imposing tall figure, his high, emerging spirit, as well as his pious zeal, the words of Sirach 50.9: " As the smell of incense burning in the fire, like a cedar in Lebanon. "
Empress Elisabeth of Austria, known as " Sissi", visited the Speyer Cathedral on April 28, 1883, accompanied by her daughter Marie Valerie and her sister Sophie, and their husband, Duke Ferdinand of Alençon. Empress could be especially the grave of her very estimated Bishop Haneberg show and knelt before it in prayer. ( Jakob Baumann, Biography Bishop Ehrler, page 228)
Works
- History of biblical revelation, Regensburg 1850
- The religious antiquities of the Bible, Munich 1869
- Lighting of Renan's Life of Jesus, Regensburg 1864
- Gospel according to John, translated and explained, 2 volumes; München 1878/1880