De Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk
The de Havilland Canada DHC -1 Chipmunk ( " chipmunks " ) was a two-seat training aircraft from 1946, which became the standard trainer aircraft of the British military in the period after the Second World War and wide in later versions use in civil applications, eg found. than agricultural aircraft.
History
The DHC -1 Chipmunk was designed to succeed the legendary de Havilland Tiger Moth biplane. It first flew on 22 May 1946 in Toronto Downsview. It was the first complete design of de Havilland Aircraft of Canada Ltd.. The main developer was the Pole Wsiewolod Jakimiuk. The prototype was equipped with a 108 kW ( 145 hp ) de Havilland Gipsy Major 1C engine.
Two aircraft was tested by the Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment at Boscombe Down. With its good-natured aerobatic performance, the Chipmunk was immediately to the standard trainer of the Royal Air Force ( RAF). Prince Philip got his first 1952 flight hours on a Chipmunk. The Royal Canadian Air Force ( RCAF ) also adopted the Chipmunk as a standard coach.
A special variant is the kind built by Scholl Super Chipmunk. Equipped with a retractable landing gear and a more powerful engine and shorter wing was oriented for spectacular show aerobatics the Super Chipmunk.
In Toronto they built 218 Chipmunks and 1956, 1,014 units were built in the UK. 60 Chipmunks were built from 1955 to 1960 in Portugal under license from OGMA for the Portuguese Air Force. In Canada, built Chipmunks T.Mk were referred to 30 and included the DHC -1B -1 with the Gipsy Major 1C and the DHC -1 -B2 with the Gipsy Major 10-3. Production was stopped after 158 machines were delivered. Another 60 aircraft were later for the RCAF produced. British -built versions of the Chipmunk are the T.Mk 10 and 20 T.Mk and civilian T.Mk 21, which in the UK a total of 1,014 units were built.
The Chipmunk Mk.23, which first flew on 6 June 1958 is a heavily modified version of the single-seat aircraft Chipmunks Mk.10 school. In the new version, the front cockpit was replaced by a container or tank, which holds 254 kg solid or 363.7 liters of liquid material. The container room could also be used as cargo room with a flat floor or for a passenger seat. And the rear seat is raised in order to achieve improved vision. To the wing means for spraying these materials was placed during the flight of the trailing edge along the span. The arrangement of the flaps were changed so that the stall occurred at lower airspeeds. Thus, the stalling speed was reduced with a full load for spraying on 70.8 km / h.
The British and early Canadian Chipmunks differed greatly from the later RCAF and Lebanese models. The new models had a bubble-like cockpit glazing. Since the 50s, the Chipmunk was also a successful commercial aircraft. It was used for aerobatic training, as well as a spraying in agriculture.
The RAF received 735 Chipmunks from a British production. The machines were used beginning in the University Air Squadrons. Some machines were used in the Cyprus conflict in 1958 and for flights to Berlin. By 1996, they remained in service and were then replaced by Scottish Aviation Bulldog, which in turn were replaced by Grob Tutor in the years 1999 to 2000. The last Chipmunks served in the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight for historic aircraft of the RAF.
Other countries such as Burma, Ceylon, Chile, Colombia, Denmark, Egypt, Ireland, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Thailand and Uruguay used the machine also.
Military user
- Army Air Corps
- Royal Air Force
- Royal Navy