Der Taucher
" The Diver " is a 1797 written by the German poet Friedrich Schiller in ballads Year ballad. They first appeared in Musenalmanach for 1798, which was published by Schiller. It describes the daring of a precious boy who throws himself upon request of his king in a tidal whirlpool to get a golden cup from the king thrown in again. They succeed, and he reported it ( It was pleased to whosoever breathes in rosichten light. / But the man did not try the gods ... ). The hubris of the king who wants to see it a second time and give his daughter for infected with the young man, and he tried it again, no return.
Goethe 's opinion of the diver: " The ballad itself provides us the struggle of man with a terrible force of nature in mind, and therefore has the character of the sublime. "
Start of text
Who dares knight or Knapp, To dive into this abyss? A golden cup I throw down, Devoured already has him the black mouth. Who can show me the cup again, He likes to keep him, he is his own. The king said it, and throws from the Hoh The cliff, the rugged and steep Addition, hangs in the infinite sea, The cup in the howling Charybdis. Who is the Brave, I ask again, To dive down to this depth?
To design history
The legendary material is older. The location of the Geschehnisses is Sicily (see the howling Charybdis ). Goethe was also his friend Schiller borrowed two fishing books, which call on "Skate ", " Hammer" and ( he squandered thereby ) " cliff fish " informed.
As an immediate submission Schiller for his ballad is one of the 1767-1775 Ludwigsburg as host of the Schiller family, 1767-1769 as a publisher of Schiller's father and in 1780 by Schiller himself occurring Christoph Friedrich Cotta ( 1724-1807 ), the father of the famous publisher Johann Friedrich Cotta, 1790 printed and misplaced children's book by Christian Gottlieb Goz ( 1746-1803 ) in question: dedicated prayers and conversations in song and verse, especially the youth. In the section conversations with children about tables divers saga is told on pp. 50-52. Excerpt: " Behold, the king said, this great golden cup I throw into it - it is yours, if you fetch him out! Quickly jumped the diver along behind - " This printed document is apparently the only before the appearance of Schiller's ballad" The Diver " present version, in which - as in Schiller's poem - no name of the diver is reported.
The diver is otherwise called Nicolaus Piscis, Nicholas Pesce, Nicola Pesce ( Nicholas the fish, " Niklas fish"), Cola Pesce ( " Klaus the fish"), Pescecola ( " fish Nickel" ) or similar ( from the Sicilian folk legend of the Colapesce ). From the letter of Schiller to Goethe, from August 7, 1797 but indicate that Schiller said of Herder in a letter to him from July 28, 1797 at his traditional name heroes of divers Sage erroneously as the author of the word text conceives ( Schiller's works. Nationalausgabe, Vol 29, p 115), which is why all other printed versions of the divers announcement as promptly used excrete templates.
The earlier assumption that Goethe Schiller communicated the essence of the legend orally without naming its source and the divers name is possible, but ignores the erstwhile publisher of Schiller Christoph Friedrich Cotta popular book.
Christian Gottlieb Goz its part, the book Useful Allerley the Quedlinburg pastor Johann August Ephraim Goeze (1731-1793), one of the Enlightenment committed brother of the famous Gotthold Ephraim Lessing opponent and orthodox Lutheran Hamburg senior pastor Johann Melchior Goeze (1717-1786), as used source in which the diver Cola Pesce as and when Niklas fish is called.
Musical settings
The text was set to music by Johann Heinrich Carl Bornhardt († 1843) for piano and guitar accompaniment.
( Second edition 1815 first version of 1814) Furthermore, it was used the text by Franz Schubert for his ballads melodizing The diver '.
Next uses
Heinz Erhardt has used the theme in his senses.