Deschampsia
Lawn Schmiele ( Deschampsia cespitosa )
The Schmielen ( Deschampsia ) are a genus of grasses ( Poaceae ). The genus is distributed worldwide and consists of about 50 species. It is named after the French physician Louis -Auguste Deschamps ( 1765-1842 ). The term Schmielen led to the naming swampy terrain as Schmiedel.
Features
The representatives of the genus are mostly perennial, rarely annual clump-forming grasses. They rarely make short runners. The renewal shoots grow up within the leaf sheaths (intravaginal ). The straw has ridged, bare nodes. The leaf sheaths are open at the bottom. The ligule is a membranous hem. Leaf blades are rolled or folded in the bud position. Later, they are flat to bristle -shaped, ribbed clear at the top and rough, hardly ripped at the bottom.
The panicle is large, while the flower loose, otherwise contracted and tight. The panicle branch off to 2 to 10 of the major axis and are angular and rough. The spikelets are composed of usually two, rarely from one to three flowers. They are 2-8 mm long and laterally flattened. All flowers are hermaphroditic and fall from the maturity of the stand remaining glumes. The Ährchenachse is hairy at the edges and bears on the upper flower stalk a shaped extension. The two glumes are almost similar and about the same length as the blossom. They are pointed, keeled, membranous and at least
The midrib of the upper half rough. The lower glume is einnervig, the upper one to three annoying, which is also slightly longer and wider than the lower. The lemmas are five annoying, membranous and rough or smooth. At the top they are trimmed and bear four teeth, which may be denticulate again themselves. On the back of the bottom quarter or in the middle sits an awn. This is just, it overlooks the lemma hardly, or it is hidden between the husk, or she is kneeling and dominates the lemma clearly. The palea are two annoying and shorter than the lemmas. They have a lanceolate shape, are rounded up or bicuspid, and are zarthäutig. There are three stamens. The ovary is ovoid and bare. The two pens are terminally and wear tight feathery scars that protrude from the flowers to the side. The fruit ( caryopsis ) is 2 to 3 mm long, glabrous and loosely wrapped in the husks. The embryo is one-fifth to one-quarter as long as the fruit. The navel is point- to schmalelliptisch and basal.
System
The genus Deschampsia is allocated within the family of grasses of the subfamily Pooideae and the tribe Poeae or Aveneae.
It consists of approximately 50 species. In Central Europe the following species occur:
- Lawn Schmiele ( Deschampsia cespitosa (L. ) P. Beauv. ); Home: Eurasia, North America
- Wire Schmiele ( Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin, by some authors outsourced to the monotypic genus Avenella. ); Home: Eurasia, North Africa, Greenland, North America, Argentina, Chile, Guinea, naturalized in the Philippines, Kalimantan and New Zealand
- Bodensee- Schmiele ( Deschampsia littoralis ( Gaudin ) Reut. ); Home: Central Alps
- Rushes Schmiele ( Deschampsia media ( Gouan ) Roem & Schult.. ); Europe (Southern Europe, France, Central Europe ), Transcaucasus
- Bristle Schmiele ( Deschampsia setacea ( Huds. ) Hack. ); Home: Europe ( Spain, France, Great Britain, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, northern and eastern Germany, Denmark, southern Scandinavia )
- Marsh Schmiele or same - Rasenschmiele ( Deschampsia wibeliana ( Sond. ) Parl ); Home: North West Germany, on the lower reaches of the Elbe, Eider and Weser, endemic here
The GrassBase of Kew Gardens also lists the following species:
- Deschampsia airiformis ( Steud. ) Benth. & Hook. f ex B.D. Jacks.
- Deschampsia angusta Stapf & C.E. Hubb.
- Antarctic hairgrass ( Deschampsia antarctica É. Desv. ), One of only two flowering plants - species that occur initially in Antarctica
- Deschampsia atropurpurea ( Wahlenb. ) Scheele
- Deschampsia berteroana ( Kunth ) F. Meigen
- Deschampsia chapmanii Petrie
- Deschampsia christophersenii C.E. Hubb.
- Deschampsia cordilleranum Hauman
- Deschampsia danthonioides ( Trin. ) Benth.
- Deschampsia domingensis Hitchc. Ekman &
- Deschampsia elongata ( Hook. ) Munro
- Deschampsia foliosa hack.
- Deschampsia gracillima Kirk
- Deschampsia kingii ( Hook. f ) É. Desv.
- Deschampsia klossii Ridl.
- Deschampsia koelerioides rule
- Deschampsia laxa Phil
- Deschampsia liebmanniana (E. Fourn. ) Hitchc.
- Deschampsia ligulata ( Stapf ) Henrard
- Deschampsia looseriana Parodi
- Deschampsia maderensis ( Hack. & Bornm. ) Buschm.
- Deschampsia mejlandii C.E. Hubb.
- Deschampsia mendocina Parodi
- Deschampsia mildbraedii Pilg.
- Deschampsia minor Clayton
- Deschampsia nubigena Hillebr.
- Deschampsia parvula ( Hook. f ) É. Desv.
- Deschampsia patula ( Phil.) Skottsb.
- Deschampsia pusilla Petrie
- Deschampsia robusta C.E. Hubb.
- Deschampsia tenella Petrie
- Deschampsia venustula Parodi
- Deschampsia wacei C.E. Hubb.