Dmitry Kabalevsky

Dmitri Borisovich Kabalevsky (Russian: Дмитрий Борисович Кабалевский, scientific transliteration Dmitry Borisovic Kabalevskij; * 17.jul / December 30 1904greg in Saint Petersburg, .. † 14 February 1987 in Moscow) was a Russian composer.

Life

Kabalevsky, the son of a mathematician with an insurance company, showed as a child obvious artistic talents in the fields of painting and poetry. In 1912 he also received his first piano lessons, in 1918 the family moved to Moscow. First, Kabalevsky employed on his father's request or with mathematics and economics, earned but from 1922 his living as a silent film pianist. In 1925, he finally entered the Moscow Conservatory, where he studied ( with Nikolai Myaskovsky ) and piano composition until 1930. In 1932, he was himself a teacher of composition at that institution, especially after he himself had made through his first piano concert as composer. That year also saw the founding of the Soviet Composers' Union, in which Kabalevsky his life was long active in many functions fell. In 1939 he was appointed professor of composition, which he remained until his retirement in 1980. The next year he began his work as editor in chief of Sovetskaya Muzyka and remained in that position until 1946. Kabalevsky Also in 1940, joined the Communist Party, which is why him throughout his life, many public offices were entrusted. At the party decision of 1948, the " formalism " attacked the in the works of some composers such as Sergei Prokofiev and Dmitri Shostakovich, Kabalevsky was, although initially ultimately not referred to in the criticism, as formalist. Until his death, Kabalevsky led many offices and tasks ( eg 1956, he was a member of the Ministry of Culture ). Enhances he turned to educational tasks, which culminated in the establishment of its own magazine on the subject. Kabalevsky received diverse awards such as in the years 1946, 1949, 1951, Stalin Prize, in 1980 the USSR State Prize and in 1974 the title of " Hero of Socialist Labor ". In 1970 he became a corresponding member of the German Academy of Arts.

Tonal language

Kabalevsky was initially under the influence of his teacher Nikolai Myaskovsky, and later he was oriented more to Sergei Prokofiev. Basis of his work are the demands of Socialist Realism. His music is firmly rooted in the tradition and moves always in the context of tonality. Especially characteristic of his style is a playful alternation between major and minor. The subject is mostly catchy and popular; as an orchestrator Kabalevsky was brilliant and knew to use effectively the orchestra. These is the great vitality and freshness of his compositions. Often this is associated with a neo-classical touch. This includes drama and great pathos, however, is not sufficient, especially in the works that deal with social events. Notably, he was able to compose very effective for certain instruments. A special focus in Kabalevsky's work form the works for young musicians. In this area, he showed great ability, on the one hand to compose most technically easy and understandable for children, but on the other hand, not to slip into banality, but on the contrary raise the young player's intellect. In his later works (from about 1960) Kabalevsky showed a tendency to greater introversion and freer harmony education.

Works

Orchestral works

  • Symphony No. 1 in C sharp minor, Op 18 (1932 )
  • Symphony No. 2 in C minor, Op 19 (1934 )
  • Symphony No. 3 in B flat minor, Op 22 " Requiem" with choir (1933 )
  • Symphony No. 4 in C minor, Op 54 (1956 )
  • " The Comedians " Suite Op 26 (1940 )
  • Pathetic Overture in B minor op.64 (1960 )
  • "To the everlasting fire ", symphonic poem op.85 (1968 )
  • More symphonic poems

Concerts

  • Piano Concerto No. 1 in A minor, Op 9 (1928 )
  • Piano Concerto No. 2 in G minor, Op 23 (1935, rev., 1973)
  • Piano Concerto No. 3 in D major, Op 50 (1952 )
  • Piano Concerto No. 4 in C major, Op 99 "Prague Concert" (1975 )
  • Violin Concerto in C major, Op 48 (1948 )
  • Cello Concerto No. 1 in G minor, Op 49 (1949 )
  • Cello Concerto No. 2 in C minor, Op 77 (1964 )

Operas

  • " Colas Breugnon " Opus 24 (1937, rev., 1968)
  • " In the Fire", Op 37 (1942 )
  • " The Taras Family 'Op 47 (1947, rev., 1967)
  • 2 more operas and an operetta

Other vocal music

  • " Poem of Struggle, " for chorus and orchestra, Op 12 (1931 )
  • Requiem, Op 72 (1962 )
  • "On the home ", cantata for children's choir and orchestra, Op 82 (1965 )
  • Songs
  • Children's songs ( among others " Our Country", 1950)

Chamber Music

  • String Quartet No. 1 in A minor, Op 8 (1928 )
  • String Quartet No. 2 in G minor, Op 44 (1945 )
  • 2 Pieces for Cello and Piano, Op 2 (1927 )
  • 5 Etudes in Major and Minor for Solo Cello, Op 68 (1961 )
  • Cello Sonata in B - flat major, Op 71 (1962 )

Piano music

  • Piano Sonata No. 1 in D minor, Op 6 (1927 )
  • Piano Sonata No. 2 in E flat minor, Op 45 (1945 )
  • Piano Sonata No. 3 in F major, Op 46 (1946 )
  • 30 Children's Pieces, Op 27 (1938 )
  • 24 Preludes, Op 38 (1944 )
  • 24 Easy Pieces, Op 39 (1944 )
  • " Lyrical wise", Op 93 (1972 )
  • Many more smaller pieces
List of Russian composers Communist Party of the Soviet Union Neoclassicism (music) Integrated Authority File
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