Domsheide
The Domsheide is a place in Bremen, which is one of the three main transport hubs of public transport network. Almost all trams and two important bus lines cross the square.
It is located east next to Bremen's market square and south of Bremen Cathedral. From him go from the Ostertorstraße, Dechanatstraße, Balgebrückstraße and Violenstraße. The Schnoor and St. John's Church close to the south Domsheide.
Anliegerbauten are, inter alia, the General Post Office 1, the courthouse, the Cathedral precinct with the bell, the stock market outbuildings and the People's Bank. The design of the Domsheide is relatively uneven, influenced by the materials sandstone and dark red brick, red brick (eg bell), yellow brickwork, plaster, concrete, marble and bright red tower for the tram.
History
Middle Ages and Reformation
In the Middle Ages the south of the cathedral was a clear area, which was designated as Wulverickesheide. The Heath was a raw land and Wulverick was probably the name of the owner. Later, the area was eventually referred to only as a heathen and since the 16th century as Domsheide since the Middle Ages, the Archbishop under a linden tree held his court here.
The Domsheide belonged to the Cathedral precinct, which was also referred to as Domimmunität or precincts and an enclave from the 10th century to 1803, a sovereign and legally belonged to the diocese of Bremen, that is not subordinate to the Council of the City of Bremen. The small cathedral district was initially isolated as Domburg by a wall, which was demolished in the 11th century. After the cathedral, parts of the Domsheide and Domshofs was no longer structurally separated from the rest of the covered by the common Bremen city wall city.
Bell: South of the cathedral was in the Middle Ages, an octagonal building of the cathedral chapter, which received the name The bell because of its tower-like shape. Here the deliberations of the chapter and since 1648 the Hofgerichtsversammlungen took place. 1737 a new building was created back in the shape of an octagon, which was Bremish 1803. From 1857 the bell belongs to the Association of Artists.
Chapter House: in 1642, was the chapter house south of the cathedral, the Athenaeum, as a Lutheran Latin or cathedral school and Athenaeum Bremen and 1817 Gelehrtenschule housed.
The EschenhofPeaceful
The EschenhofPeaceful on Domshof - today the main post - was initially the seat of Domkurie, represented by the Domdekan. The last Domdekan Jodocus Schulte lived here until 1649. The dome was built in 1648 in Swedish. Queen Christina of Sweden donated the house to her favorite, the Secretary Anders Gyldenklou. Then the EschenhofPeaceful was the residence for the corresponding Sweden Duchy of Bremen. From 1653 to 1656 resided here whose President Alexander Erskein and the building was named after him ( Esken = ash ). His heirs continued to reside here. 1681 came the building then back to the Swedish krona and was temporarily headquarters of the imperial residents. The EschenhofPeaceful dropped by the Empire in 1803 at Bremen. From 1810 to 1813, he was the seat of the French prefect for the department of the Weser estuaries Philipp Karl Graf von Arberg. Since 1819 in the building, the high school was housed. 1875 the house was demolished in favor of a new building for the post.
Newer time
1733, the site was leveled, fenced and planted.
Only at the beginning of the 19th century, starting with a space surrounding the building. Center of the square stood since 1856 actually destined for Gothenburg Gustav -Adolf- memorial - how many monuments - 1942 of " metal donation" for the defense industry fell victim. A second casting of the monument still stands in Gothenburg, replicated in Tartu (Estonia). The Debbersche boys' preschool was at the Domsheide No. 15 to 1872; here today is also the site of the Main Post Office.
Already in 1806 was on the Domsheide a post office, short term up to 1813, the Central Post Office. From 1875 to 1878, the new Imperial Oberpostdirektion Bremen ( General Post Office 1) was built according to plans by the Berlin architect Carl Schwatlo at the point of Eschenhof and the school.
1854 took place on the court with stalls and rides Bremer free market.
From 1891 to 1895, designed by the architect Ludwig Oldenburg Klingenberg, historicizing court house for the Bremen Regional Court was built. There, in 1944, only slightly damaged.
After the fire of 1915 was 1928, the demolition of the old bell. It was the new building, designed by Walter Görig.
The Bremen tram rebellion in 1968 were held on the square from 15 to 22 January. They were directed ostensibly against the fare increases.
Around 1970, designed by Carsten Schröck Volksbank is built. The Bank has decided in 2011 to demolish. The square is transformed thoroughly in the 1980s to designs by landscape architect Marlene Zlonicky from food. The tram runs now through the Violenstraße. A small rotsteiniger traffic control tower stands since then on the south side of the square.
Conservation
The following current building are listed buildings:
- Am Dom 5a, commercial and office building of Heinrich Müller, 1861-1864
- Domsheide 2: Presbytery of the Cathedral Parish of 1845
- Domsheide 4 and 5 commercial buildings
- Domsheide 6-8: The bell, chapter house, concert hall, restaurant from 1928
- Domsheide 15: General Post Office 1 of 1879
- Domsheide 16: Courthouse and Detention Center from 1895 or 1906
→ Refer to the list of cultural monuments in Bremen-Mitte 53.0746111111118.8091666666667Koordinaten: 53 ° 4 ' 28.6 " N, 8 ° 48' 33" E