Elaeagnus pungens

Thorny Elaeagnus ( Elaeagnus pungens ' maculata '), this buntlaubige variety is also called Yellow Colorful oil pasture.

The Thorny Elaeagnus ( Elaeagnus pungens ), also called tech- oil pasture, is a species of the genus of oil willow ( Elaeagnus ) within the family of oil willow family ( Elaeagnaceae ).

Description

The Thorny Elaeagnus grows as evergreen, well-branched, slow growing, usually thorny shrub, achieved the stature heights 3-4 m. This shrub is hardy enough in Central Europe. The bark of young branches is dense brown scaly. The leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The rugged, wrinkled leaf stalks are 5-15 mm long and have brown scales. The 5 to 10 cm long and 1.8 to 3.5 cm wide, leathery leaf blade is glossy dark green above, gray- white to brownish scaly with seven to nine lateral nerves on each side of the central nerve. The leaf margin is wavy serrated up.

In Central Europe in the autumn, or in the home countries from September to December, combined to appear a few in the axils of the fragrant flowers. The flower stalk is beschuppt 5 to 8 mm long and brown. The four silvery white, suddenly at their base is narrowing sepals are very wide, funnel-shaped fused; the calyx lobes are half as long as the calyx tube and have a rounded end. There are only four stamens present.

In Central Europe only in mild winter tires occasionally in the spring, otherwise April to June, reddish-brown, oval, oblong, about 15 mm long stone fruits that are brown scaly. The seeds are relatively large.

Dissemination

It occurs on slopes, roadsides and bushes, often near the coast, below altitudes of 1000 meters in Japan and the northern Chinese provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.

Use

The fruits and seeds eaten raw or cooked werder. The fruits have a pleasant, slightly sour taste when they are fully ripe; before they are but astringent. The slightly fibrous seeds remember the taste of peanuts and contain 42.2 % protein and 23.1 % fat. Medical effects have been investigated.

Because of the late flowering period the plant provides valuable food for insects.

Elaeagnus pungens varieties are cultivated in parks and gardens as evergreen, fragrant ornamental trees, especially varieties with colored leaves are popular. Examples with different mottled leaves are 'Aurea ', ' Aureomaculata ', ' Aureovariegata ', ' simonii ', ' Dicksonii ', ' Frederici ', ' Gold Rim ', ' maculata ', ' Variegata'. The variety ' maculata ' is known as the " Yellow Colorful oil pasture ", this shrub is up to 2 m high and is somewhat sensitive to frost.

System

Elaeagnus pungens was in 1784 by Thunberg in Murray: first published Systemat Vegetabilium, 14th Edition, p 164.

Swell

• Haining Qin & Michael G. Gilbert: Elaeagnaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 13, p 263: Elaeagnus pungens - Online.
• Andreas Bärtels: Encyclopedia of garden trees and shrubs. Ulmer, Stuttgart, 2001, p 261
• Jeanne Dericks -Tan, Gabriele Vollbrecht: On the trail of wild fruits in Europe, Abadi Verlag, Alzenau 2009, ISBN 978-3-00-021129-4, p.202