Emmanuel Chabrier
Alexis -Emmanuel Chabrier ( born January 18, 1841 in Ambert (Puy -de- Dôme), † 13 September 1894 in Paris) was a French composer and pianist.
Life
Emmanuel Chabrier was the son of the lawyer Jean Chabrier. He has already received six years old his first piano lessons and composed eight year some dances. In 1851 the family moved to Clermont- Ferrand, 1856, then studied composition with TE Semet and Aristide Hignard and violin with Richard Hammer to Paris in France, where he became a piano student of Edward Wolff as well. Nevertheless, he began in 1858 and a law degree in 1861 and received a position in the Ministry of Interior.
Interested in poetry and painting, to Chabrier befriended with various artists. The friendship with Paul Verlaine sprang the librettos for his operettas fish -tone Kan ( 1863-64 ) and Vaucochard Ier et fils (1864 ), which, however, remained unfinished as well as the opera began in 1867 Jean Hunyade. Chabrier was also fascinated by Impressionism, and his friend Édouard Manet painted two portraits of him.
In 1873 he married Marie Alice Dejean. He wrote his first orchestral works and finally had success with his first opera L' étoile serene (1877 ) and Une éducation manquée (1879 ). In the house Chabrier, almost all well-known French composers of the time came, and in 1880 he resigned his post at the Ministry in order to devote himself entirely to music. For piano, he wrote in 1881, the ten Pièces pittoresques, one of his most important works, and after a stay in Spain the orchestral rhapsody España was created, his most popular pieces.
Beginning in 1883, Chabrier composed mainly in La Membrolle -sur- Choisille ( Touraine ), where the Trois Valses romantiques written for piano. His admiration for Wagner's work were incorporated into the 1886 first performed opera Gwendoline, while Le roi malgré lui again belonged to the comic opera of the following year. He orchestrated some of his piano pieces and wrote the 1890 Six mélodies and the Ode à la musique for soprano and women's chorus.
Chabrier's last years were marked by illness, financial problems and disappointment with the modest success of his stage works. His last opera Briseis also remained unfinished, then tied a paralysis composing altogether. 1894 the composer died after a long illness. Only the subsequent generation of musicians recognized his importance, particularly as a piano composer.
Works
- Operas L' étoile ( The Star ) ( 1877)
- Une éducation manquée ( The gap in education ) ( 1879)
- Gwendoline (1885, UA 1886)
- Le roi malgré lui ( King in spite of himself ) ( 1887)
- Briseis ( 1888-91, only the first act completed )
- Lamento (1874 )
- Larghetto for Horn and Orchestra ( 1875)
- España ( 1883), Rhapsody
- Joyeuse marche (1888 )
- Prélude pastorale (1888 )
- Suite pastorale (1888, processing of 4 pieces from the Pièces pittoresques for Piano)
- Reverie (1855 )
- Julia. Op.1 Waltz ( 1857)
- Le Scalp (1861 )
- Souvenirs de Brune skin. Walzer ( 1862)
- Marche des Cipayes (1863 )
- Pas redoublé ( Cortege burlesque ) ( 1871)
- Suite de valses (1872 )
- Impromptu in C major (1873 )
- 10 Pièces pittoresques (1881 )
- Trois valses romantiques for 2 pianos (1883 )
- Habanera (1885, orchestrated )
- Souvenirs de Munich. Quadrille on themes from Tristan und Isolde for piano duet ( 1885-86 )
- Bourrée fantasque (1891, orchestrated )
- Cinq morceaux ( posthumously )
- 9 Songs ( 1862)
- Sérénade de Ruy Blas (1863 )
- Les lèvres closes (1867 )
- L'invitation au voyage (1870 )
- Summons irrespectueuse (1880 )
- Tes yeux bleus (1883 )
- Credo d' amour (1883 )
- Chanson pour Jeanne (1886 )
- 6 mélodies (1890)
- Song. Nez au Vent ( posthumously )
- Cocodette et Cocorico. Comic duet for 2 voices and orchestra ( 1877-79 )
- Monsieur et Madame Orchestre. Comic duet for 2 voices and orchestra ( 1877-79 )
- La Sulamite. Scène lyrique for mezzo- soprano, female choir and orchestra ( 1884)
- Duo de l' ouvreuse de l' Opéra -Comique et de l' employé du Bon Marché (1888 )
- Ode à la musique for soprano, female choir and orchestra (piano ) ( 1890)