European Gendarmerie Force
Italian Carabinieri French Gendarmerie Nationale Spanish Guardia Civil Portuguese Guarda Nacional Republicana Dutch Koninklijke marechaussee Romanian Română Jandarmeria
The European Gendarmerie Force (English: European Gendarmerie Force ( EGF or Eurogendfor ), French: Force de gendarmerie européenne ( FGE ) ) is a European military police force ( cf. police, military police, Paramilitary ), which shall serve the crisis management. It was declared fully operational for 2006 and is headquartered in Vicenza, Italy.
The military force can be placed under the command of the European Union, the United Nations, NATO, the OSCE and other international organizations or ad hoc coalitions.
- 5.1 Bosnia and Herzegovina
- 5.2 Afghanistan
- 5.3 Haiti
Members
Founded as the Eurogendfor of France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands. It serves as a merger of the French Gendarmerie Nationale, the Italian Carabinieri, the Spanish Civil Guard, the Portuguese Guarda Nacional Republicana and the Dutch Koninklijke marechaussee.
Since 17 December 2008, Romania, represented by the Jandarmeria Română full member. Poland is since 8 March 2007 Partner of EGF and also willing in the future to become a member of the military force. Furthermore, Lithuania has held since December 2009, the partner status.
Turkey has been given the status of an observational country in 2009. In addition, Azerbaijan shows ambitions to join the EGF.
Germany is not a part of the international military force. The German Defense Minister Peter Struck emphasized in 2004 that " clearly different " the tasks of the police and armed forces.
Other countries, which have a military police force of the European Gendarmerie Force can join at any time.
Formation
The proposal for the European Gendarmerie Force was made by the French Defence Minister Michele Alliot -Marie in September 2003. At an informal meeting of defense ministers in October a first Memorandum of Understanding to EGF was presented. From the beginning, France wanted to make the Eurogendfor multinational, similar to the existing EUFOR, while Italy, the new military police rather wanted to lean against the Multinational Specialized Unit ( MSU), which is active on behalf of the NATO already in the Balkans and Iraq. France was particularly concerned that EGF rapidly and mainly independent of the EU to set up, meanwhile the other States preferred an integration within the European Union.
However, it turned out that a European military police would be integrated due to the reluctance of the majority of EU countries against the gendarmerie concept is difficult in the EU. Furthermore, there were disputes about the size of the newly emerging force, as France and Italy with the Gendarmerie Nationale and the Carabinieri units have about far more than the Netherlands or Portugal. Agreement among all five countries were, however, that the EGF should be prepared for all kinds of police work.
The Declaration was finally adopted by the Defence Ministers of the five EU members France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands on 17 September 2004 in Noordwijk, the Netherlands. During the negotiations, it was found that France and the Netherlands voted against the establishment of a standing army and the inclusion of the Centre of Excellence for Stability Police Units ( COESPU ) in the EGF.
A first successful completion of training missions ( Command Post exercise, CPX ) was held in June 2005 in the National Gendarmerie Training Center in Saint Astier, France. On 23 January 2006, the EGF was officially introduced during a military ceremony in Vicenza in northeastern Italy. Following a meeting of the High Level Interdepartmental Committee in the Spanish capital of Madrid as well as a second, successful training missions from 19-28. April 2006, the EGF was declared on 20 July 2006 for fully operational.
On 18 October 2007, the Treaty of Velsen was - also called Treaty of the European Gendarmerie Force - signed by the then five Member States. This regulates functions and powers of Eurogendfor.
Remit
The EGF was intended from the outset to cover all possible types of crisis management, whether as part of a military unit or under the command of civilian forces. The force has the task to replace local police units or reinforce. It can be used in each phase of crisis management: During the beginning of a crisis, the EGF may together with the military and perform police duties. During the stabilization phase, the European military force alone can, run in conjunction with the military or with local police forces their mission. During the withdrawal phase, finally, the EGF can facilitate the transfer of skills to local police forces.
As for crisis management, the European Gendarmerie Force is also intended for all possible types of police work. This includes the maintenance of security and public order; overseeing, monitoring and advising local police forces; the rules of traffic, the surveillance of public places, border control and general intelligence activities. Furthermore, the EGF must be able to perform criminal tasks - including the uncovering of crimes, prosecution of criminals and handing them over to local judicial authorities.
Also belongs to the remit of the EGF protection of possessions and people as well as the maintenance of order in the case of " public disorder ". The EGF must also be able to teach police officers and trainers with international standards.
Structure
Cimin
Cimin is a French acronym that stands for Comité Interministerial de haut level (English: High Level Interdepartmental Committee, German: High-Level Inter-ministerial Committee ) and the other decision-making body of the European Gendarmerie Force. It appoints the EGF Commander and commanders of the different missions and the Chairman of the Finance Committee. It decides whether and to what extent the EGF participates in missions and how other states to take part in missions of Eurogendfor. Furthermore, the Committee ensures the political- military coordination among members and monitors the implementation of the Treaty of Velsen.
A member country has for a year so formulate presided over the Cimin and can principles of military force for the coming year. The allocation of Cimin presidency is done on a rotational basis:
The committee also includes a working group consisting of lower representatives who meet every two months. The Cimin even meet out at least twice a year or more, if a Member State is convened. The first meeting of the Committee was held in Rome on 21 January 2005. All decisions must be unanimous. It is composed of representatives of the Member Countries:
Commander
The commander of the EGF, the guide on the permanent headquarters (Permanent HQ ) and all forces within the Eurogendfor and adopts rules which ensure the functioning of the HQs. He is also responsible for the implementation of instructions of the CIMINs and compiles cost plans and financial reports.
He has held his office for two years:
Armed forces
The troop has a core of 800-900 members. To gain further 2300 are available in the art. Italy represents 800 gendarmes available, France 600, Spain 500 Portugal 160 and the Netherlands 100
Inserts
Bosnia and Herzegovina
On 22 November 2007, the EGF perceived their first use in the EUFOR Althea mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina. They took over the leadership of the Integrated Police Unit (IPU ), whose main task is on the one hand the acquisition of information and, secondly, the implementation of the Dayton Agreement.
For many Member States, the turnout was in Bosnia and Herzegovina is not new, only the coordination by the EGF presented a novelty dar. addition to Eurogendfor members contributed to Turkey and later member of Romania one of the two anti-riot units at while Hungary involved with two of the seven study units. Portugal continued since 2007, a total of 177 units in Bosnia.
On 20 October 2010 the EGF Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina was officially ended. Spain, Portugal and Italy have withdrawn their contingents to 31 October 2010.
Afghanistan
In June 2009, the European Gendarmerie Force was first thought to use in Afghanistan to train local police capacity. Already on 8 December 2009 Create the Afghanistan operation of the EGF in cooperation with the NATO Training Mission - Afghanistan (NTM -A). The main task of the military police force is to support the local Afghan police force and to train and set standards for their education. A special focus is placed on the Afghan National Civil Order Police ( ANCOP ), which currently represents the gendarmerie in Afghanistan. The official activation ceremony of EGF in Afghanistan took place on December 24, 2009.
Together with the Police Operational Mentoring Liaison Team ( POMLT ), which was active in Afghanistan before, about 325 police officers are involved in the mission. France is 45, Italy 17 gendarmes. Apart from the EGF Member States take the two partner states Poland and Lithuania participated in the mission.
In addition to an older training center in Adraskan a 2009 newly opened training center in Mazar -e- Sharif is used for the training of Afghan police forces.
"Our mission covers three types of activities," said Colonel Jorge Esteves. " We provide the mission headquarters in Kabul experts available, we train the Afghan police and we send liaison teams between the forming and the operational part in the various provinces. Among these three tasks is clear that the second course the most important. "
Haiti
Having had asked the EU informal support for the UN mission MINUSTAH, the United Nations, the EU foreign ministers decided on January 25, 2010 in Brussels, that about 300 policemen to be sent to the earthquake region of Haiti. At the ministerial meeting, the United Kingdom opposed the deployment of the police force, citing the strong presence of the United States, which made the EU more auxiliary troops superfluous. Most troops were provided by France and Italy.
A few days after the decision of EU foreign ministers, February 8, 2010, the mission of the European troops began on the island nation. The main task of the European Gendarmerie Force in Haiti was to provide accommodation for the population. These were the rainy and hurricane season for the Haitians particularly needed due.
Miguel Ángel Moratinos, at the time the statement by President of the Council of the European Union, described the mission of the EGF in Haiti as "Together we represent the EU in terms of security guarantee and also guarantee the arrival of humanitarian aid, which require the Haitians "
The use of EUROGENDFOR in Haiti ended on December 3, 2010.
Coat of arms
The cruciform sword symbolizes the strength, the laurel crown signifies victory and the inflamed grenade is the common military roots of the police forces.
The motto of the EGF is " Lex paciferat " (Latin: The law will bring peace ).