Eurythmy

Eurythmy ( altgr. εὖ eu "good", "right" and ῥυθμὀς rhythmos " rhythm ", eg " DC and symmetry in the movement " or " beautiful movement " ) is an art of movement at the beginning of the last century ( from 1911 ) was developed by the esoteric scholars and artist Rudolf Steiner ( 1861-1925 ). It was created at the same time such as the Rhythmic Gymnastics by Émile Jaques -Dalcroze (1865-1950) and the dance forms of expression by Rudolf von Laban ( 1879-1958 ). The origination date of the eurythmy coincided with other expressionist art aspirations, Old was broken to find new. In America looking for something earlier among other Loïe Fuller, Isadora Duncan and Ruth St. Denis for new content and forms of expression in dance. Steiner created 1911-1925 with eurythmy, an expressionist art, a sign language that can express the one through the whole body as a moving sculpture, which is to describe and communicate through language very cumbersome, and implement poems and pieces of clay visible. He developed in this period, a variety of simple to complex eurythmy poems and pieces of clay, which are now referred to as choreographies, is their understanding and mastery of an objective of eurythmy. Eurythmy is operated as an independent performing arts and as part of stage productions. In the context of anthroposophic medicine emerged as a distinct form of eurythmy.

In Germany the first Eurythmieausbildungsstätte was founded in 1924 in Stuttgart.

• 7.1 Rudolf Steiner
• 7.2 Other authors

Aim and content of Eurythmy

Eurythmy is from the perspective of its creator the art of making music in language and effective laws and relations by human movement visible. For this, various design elements such as gestures, colors and three-dimensional shapes can be used.

Eurythmy can ( meaning, sound, set, sound and design gestures ) constitute intellectual content by body movements and gestures. These texts and music with the help of a wide range of interpretive possibilities are converted into movements. The way of expression and speech and sounds different eurythmy while many other rhythmic forms of representation. While there are other movement productions that are based on language, but none of them has so many means of expression for poetry and prose in a comparable extent as the eurythmy. The eurythmy artist is stopped constantly to find more gestures. In eurythmy is a big part of the productions of these so-called voice or speech eurythmy.

In the interpretation of musical works the backbone of the clock is often only one aspect. In addition, key, style as well as emotional and spiritual gesture. In contrast to the classical ballet - or even modern dance forms - used eurythmy no set poses or abstract movements.

In eurythmy performances dramatic, epic and lyric, but also humorous works of speech and music poetry from all eras are marketed as " animated visible speech " and " visible singing " for display. This happens both in group choreographic productions, as in solo form. A well-known stage production in which eurythmy is used, the performance of the uncut version of Goethe's Faust I and II at the Goetheanum in Dornach.

The so-called " eurythmy " is recognized by some German health insurance as a remedy.

Since the 1980s, initially known as Betriebseurythmie has evolved and there also applied eurythmy was developed in social work fields for Sozialeurythmie. The Sozialeurythmie should serve to compensate unilateral movements as well as the awakening of creativity.

Eurythmy is a regular subject in Waldorf schools. It is informed from the first through twelfth grade. Already at the Waldorf kindergarten Eurythmy is playfully practiced with the children. At state schools, however, the trade does not occur in the curriculum.

Training

Eurythmy Eurythmy is taught at various art schools and in multi-year vocational training and higher education programs; for pedagogical eurythmy, eurythmy and Sozialeurythmie there are additional professional training. Are managed by professional eurythmists, in addition to the eurythmic skills in general basic knowledge of poetics and poetry recitation ( " Speech "), and anatomy, music theory, color theory, choreography, stage lighting and the philosophical and esoteric doctrine of anthroposophy expected. This come pedagogical and alternative medical knowledge for eurythmy eurythmy and.

Development of eurythmy early years

Dance History, the generation of eurythmy in connection with the revolution of dance theater and body awareness are seen at the beginning of the twentieth century, which started among other things, Isadora Duncan.

The first evidence for an employment with Steiner's art of movement go back to the year 1908. During this time he gave lectures on the Gospel of John. In a presentation Rudolf Steiner asked the painter and writer Margarita Voloshin about the possibility of a dance-like implementation of the relevant parts of Scripture. Voloshin's response was " I guess you could dance all that what one feels ." But they themselves took no further the initiative. So it took another three years to Rudolf Steiner, eurythmy actually lifted from the baptism of his first lessons instructions.

The first was in 1911 Eurythmieschülerin Lory Maier- Smits, daughter of anthroposophist Clara Smits. Steiner told her to, inter alia, forwards and backwards to exceed alliterations and to do the alliterative clock parts and a powerful step to move the arm pleasing to the clock parts without alliterative consonants. Maier- Smits later documented Steiner's instructions and passed on as a teacher. The anthroposophical movement art formed gradually with the Munich performances of Steiner's four mystery dramas from 1910 to 1913, composed mainly of its employees Mieta Waller and Marie von Sivers out. The now common names struck on 24 September 1912 Marie von Sivers. After the construction of the Goetheanum in Dornach, this was the main stage for eurythmy performances, such as with Tatjana Kisselev.

Body language and movement on stage,

Choreography

Each eurythmy performance using a choreography that is often referred to in the Eurythmy as "form". Due to the shape the musical or linguistic artwork appears in space. Comments such as clock information in the tone eurythmy or lines of text in the speech eurythmy clarify the relation of form to interpret art. On forms often find costume details, requirements to props, veils and garment color and the color of changing the course of the interpretation stage lighting.

In developing the form is the work of art and its interpretation in the center. It tries to represent the internal dynamics of the template by movements in space. It is possible, for example in the range of tone eurythmy to emphasize higher or louder sounds by the movement to the front and lower or quieter sounds passage to the rear. Changes in the rhythm of the music are represented by faster or slower steps. In most cases, there is the overall presentation of a work of art has several different forms, which reflect also repetitions and variations of the artwork. Various eurythmists or groups at the same time can run different forms. The different voices of a piece of music are about often represented by different groups. In the area of ​​speech eurythmy an disasters or versweise variation of the individual groups and forms is mainly to be found.

In addition to the form of the sign are regarded as second basis of eurythmy presentation. The most basic gestures are body movements in the six directions of space, so erecting, contraction and bending of the body. These movements are superimposed by movements of the arms. For this there are a number of main sign for notes, intervals and sounds, but in their size and orientation in space, in their order and the links between them can be varied in many ways, so that together with the form results in a variety of combinations of movements, that give the artist freedom to interpret. However, some forms restrict the interpretive scope a stronger. The often so-called " Apollonian forms " as are strictly based on the grammar and the meaning context of the language. For each type of component set, each part of speech certain movements are given. Thus, in the Apollonian method as set components that something " spiritual- beingness " call, walked into the choreography with an open bow to the audience. Since the nature of the Apollonian forms lies in a strong formalization, these choreographies can be limited by rules construct. Apollonian sense gestures be directed as the Apollonian forms according to the grammar and the meaning context of the language and found in the same context use. Connectives can be expressed approximately with a nod.

Eurythmy

Eurythmy is a special form of therapy of the Anthroposophical medicine that has been developed since 1921 by Rudolf Steiner in collaboration with Ita Wegman from the motion of the eurythmy. It is a single therapy, which is led by anthroposophic therapists. A ruling by the German Federal Social Court, the costs of eurythmy therapy may be reimbursed by the statutory health insurance. Few insurers to a framework agreement on integrated care with anthroposophic medicine - such as with the professional association Eurythmy - completed, according to which the cost of eurythmy are paid regularly.

In the context of anthroposophic medicine Eurythmy therapy is used for acute, chronic or degenerative diseases of the nervous system, the cardiovascular system, the metabolic system and the musculoskeletal system. Other applications include child development disorders and disabilities and Psychosomatics, Psychiatry, Ophthalmology and Dentistry. In recent years, some alternative medical studies have been published that want to demonstrate the effect of eurythmy in different contexts. Scientifically, eurythmy - like other alternative medical procedures - but not recognized. There is no evidence of efficacy through a controlled and quality-assured studies.

In eurythmy a disease is considered as a disturbance of the bodily, mental and spiritual and individual levels of the people. Targeted exercises to bring the disturbed areas back into a harmonious balance. The eurythmy movements aimed at influencing the feelings of the patient from the outside to the inside, ie opposite to the process of human mind utterances in the comment sensations from the inside to the outside through facial expressions and gestures. Background is a holistic view of man. Anthroposophists believe that physical illness often have psychological causes and emotional disorders vice versa can also be organic.