First Apocalypse of James

The First Apocalypse of James ( 1Apc ) Jac, is a pseudepigraphic, Gnostic Scriptures with " apparent proximity to the Valentinians, " which was probably built in the 3rd century. The Apostle James mentioned in the Bible is thus not the author. There are two content differing Coptic versions: a well-preserved in the Codex Tchacos (CT ) and a more damaged under the Nag Hammadi (NHC V, 3). Both involve V.A. to the personal fate of James and coping with suffering.

Language, author, dating

The texts are available in the Sahidic dialect of Coptic. Originally they were written with a high probability Greek. The author or the author is unknown. The us surviving manuscripts from the 4th century either go to different Greek originals back or they owe their existence to a innerkoptischen process of tradition, who brought a different theological alignment with it. Usually one expects a formation before the end of the 2nd century, but rather in the first half of the 3rd century, possibly in Syria. The literary genre is not easy to determine. Although the " apocalypse " in NHC V, 3 at the beginning and at the end called " Apocalypse of James ", but signed in CT only at the end with " James ". Although "Jesus " Future disclosed, it is not about the world as a whole, such as in the biblical Apocalypse of John.

Content

Main theme is the personal endure of James or his suffering. This is in a certain analogy to the suffering of Jesus, but without having redemptive meaning. His martyrdom and the subsequent rise in the sky serves to overcome the power of the rulers. This can be seen as a model or guide for the Gnostics to cope with the suffering also. The teachings of Jesus to James, apply the Gnostic readership. The author has placed the Reported to the Passion of Jesus around.

Part 1

  • Title in NHC V, 3: " The Apocalypse of James "
  • Conversation between Jesus and James in Holy Week
  • Adoption of Jesus. James hears the suffering of Jesus; he mourns and stops ( waiting ) in prayer

Part 2

  • Epiphany of the Lord Jesus, after his resurrection
  • Rebuke of the disciples by James. Conflict in Jerusalem.
  • Survives only in CT: capture, process and stoning of James
  • Subscript in CT: " James "; in NHC: " The Apocalypse of James "
Gnosticism Nag Hammadi library Coptic language#Sahidic Book of Revelation Rodolphe Kasser
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