Francisco Javier de Istúriz y Montero

Francisco Javier de Istúriz ( born October 31, 1790 in Cadiz, † April 16, 1871 in Madrid) was a Spanish statesman and President of the Government of Spain (Presidente de Gobierno ). Until 1823 he was a revolutionary liberal and eventually had to flee into exile before the reaction. After his return from exile in 1834, the revolutionary enthusiasm was gone. At times, he ran a downright restorative policy.

Biography

Revolution of 1820 and Trienio Liberal

Francisco Javier de Istúriz was involved after the return of Ferdinand VII and his brother Don Tomás de Istúriz, a deputy of the Cortes from 1812 to 1814, in the preparation of the broken on January 1, 1820 the Spanish Revolution of 1820, which meant that was the 1814 suspended 1812 Constitution reinstated and the Trienio Liberal ( " the free three years " ) initiated.

After the constitution was restored, he became in 1822 deputy of the Cortes, in 1823 its president (Presidente de la Cámara ) and went to Seville, where he voted for the suspension of the king. He represented the policy of Exaltados.

First exile

However, the resolved by the Holy Alliance on the Verona Congress French invasion brings about a restoration. It precipitated upon him the death sentence. He managed to escape to London.

Return to Spain, conversion to the conservative

As a result of the amnesty he was allowed to return to Spain in 1834. On June 30, 1834, he was ( Congreso de los Deputies ) elected a member of Parliament, where he intermittently until after the elections of September 15, 1844 represented the constituencies of Cádiz, Huelva and Baleares in the following years. Early on, he joined Madrid in first again the Radical Party and was involved in the preparation of the uprising of Milicia urbana to overthrow the government of José María de Llano Ruiz de Saravia Queipo in August 1835.

The uprising failed, however, and Istúriz had to keep hiding for a while. Soon afterwards his friend Juan Álvarez Mendizábal became the head of the ministry, he was the most trusted advisor of the same and received the presidential power of attorney goals chamber (Presidente del Estamento de los del Reino Procuradores ). However, it soon revealed substantial differences between him and Mendizabal days, which excluded him on re- convening of the Board in March 1836 by the Bureau.

His fierce opposition referred to in Spain Desamortizaciónes secularization of church property now brought about the downfall Mendizábals, he received in his place May 15, 1836 the Presidency and the Foreign in the new government. However, this met with general dislike and was overthrown in August in 1836 by the rebellion of La Granja, which also forced the queen to restore the constitution of 1812.

Second exile

Istúriz had to flee and went over Lisbon to London, then to Paris.

Moderate conservative work

After returning to Spain, he invoked the Constitution in 1837 and came back in 1838 as a deputy of the province of Cádiz in the Cortes, whose president he became.

He was now thought leader in the conservative liberal fashion Rados. Although hostile to the bourgeois rulers Espartero that the radical liberal progressives close, but whether his authoritarian tendencies also earned opposition from whose ranks he knew how but under the regency of the same to maintain and secretly to work for the return of Queen Christina. 1843 came for a decade the fashion Rados to power. In December 1845 he was appointed Senator ( Senador Vitalicio ). 1846 Istúriz was again President of the Government, in his reign, the so-called Spanish marriages came about. In the same year he signed a partial amnesty that finally allowed the progressives temporary return to power. In December 1846 it fell a vote of no confidence of the Cortes.

From 1847 to 1848 and 1850 he was ambassador in London; 1856 led him to an extraordinary mission to St. Petersburg, and two years later he was again ambassador in London, where he remained until February 1862. In 1858 he was President of the Government and President of the Senate. He then became President of the Spanish Council of State and represented by March 1863 to October 1864 Spain at the French court, after which he retired to private life.