Freight forwarder

A freight forwarding is a service company that arranges for the shipment of goods. This includes the original organization of transport for freight. The freight forwarder is provider of transport services by rail, truck, air, sea or inland waterway frequently by freight carriers ( carriers ).

The operation will usually offer more related to the transportation and handling services. Not only the purchase of individual transportation services, but the organization of complex packages of services from transport, handling, storage and value-added services is central to the business of a modern freight forwarding.

The haulage industry has been divided into numerous groups of specialists, groupage, project to cover a wide range of nationally and internationally seaport, air freight, cars, rail and inland waterway transport agents on service areas such as food products, towards a customs agent. Despite nuanced Special offers almost all trucking companies for their business off on the basis of the German carrier conditions as industry-standard terms and conditions. Only where consumers are involved in the transport process, there are also other terms and conditions as in the furniture and moving freight forwarding or parcel service.

  • 4.1 Self- admission
  • 4.2 fixed forwarding
  • 4.3 groupage

Legal situation in Germany

Legal basis

In Germany, the freight forwarding business by the German Commercial Code ( HGB) § § 453 et seq is regulated. The legislature had changed the image of the forwarding practice into account in the context of the reform of transport law on July 1, 1998.

Terms and Conditions

Most trucking companies in Germany are also working under the German Freight Forwarders (ADSp ). These limit in paragraph 23 of a particular legal liability for damage to goods according to § 431 HGB. ( For damage in forwarding custody to 5 € / kg for multimodal transports, including sea transport to 2 SDR ( SDR) per kg and also in case of damage or event to € 1 million or 2 million euros, or 2 SDR / KG, whichever is higher. )

Training

The forwarding generally develop into a logistics service provider. The professional training of the forwarder has taken the field of specialized commercial services until the 19th century. Today's use of language for the education profession is the logistics. The development of the pure transport for logistics service providers were taken into account in the Vocational Education Act, in which the former apprenticeship Speditionskaufmann is called merchant for Forwarding and Logistics services since 1 August 2004.

Services

The forwarding company today offers a highly differentiated range of services, including

  • General cargo, groupage freight forwarder
  • Parcel and express services
  • Chartering of foreign truck, national and international transport
  • Distance haulage truck with its own ( self- entry )
  • Bahnbefrachtung
  • International Freight Forwarding
  • Air freight forwarding
  • Möbelspedition
  • Seaport forwarding
  • IWT freight forwarding
  • Dangerous Goods handling
  • Storage of hazardous materials
  • Vehicle distribution
  • Moving traffic
  • Distributionslagerei
  • Massengutlagerei
  • Plant and project forwarding
  • Sales logistics
  • Procurement Logistics
  • Entsorgungslogistik
  • Exhibition and Event Logistics
  • Contract Logistics

Freight forwarders generally work on the basis of the German Forwarders (ADSp ). Of the ADSp only usual forwarding services are recognized. This applies to all kinds of goods, irrespective of whether they are freight forwarding, carriage, warehousing or other services common to the forwarding industry associated businesses.

Many trucking companies have evolved in recent years to logistics companies. They not only organize transport for their clients, but also offer them a wealth of additional logistics services to associated eg with the supply, production and distribution of goods. Characteristic of this is that they take on activities directly associated with the production (eg, pre-assembly ), the trade in goods ( eg storage service ) related. If no special agreements ( contract logistics) are concluded between the carrier and customer for this business, the German Freight Forwarders and Logistics Association ( DSLV ) the application of logistics Conditions recommended in addition to the ADSp.

Forwarder as carrier

The freight forwarder is generally not even carrier. If one of the three special cases applies in accordance with HGB (self admission, fixed cost carrier, groupage ), then the carrier is treated largely as a carrier. ( See § § 458-460 HGB)

Even entry

The freight forwarder may, as expressly provided for in the Commercial Code ( § 458 ), which carry out transportation under its own name right in our own vehicles. The sovereignty clause is exercised especially in road freight transport. If he makes use of this right, he just regards the transport of the rights and obligations of a carrier.

Fixed forwarding

As fixed costs forwarding is called a carrier, the ( " fixed costs ", " fixed cost " ) for organizing the transport agreed with his client a fixed freight amount, which includes all costs for transport. Again, if the freight forwarder in accordance with § 459 HGB with regard to transport, the rights and obligations of a carrier.

Groupage

Also with regard to transport in collecting charge the freight forwarder in accordance with § 460 HGB and the rights and obligations of a carrier or carrier's.

To form groupage means to collect items from various senders to summarize to a charge and send it with a contract of carriage. This is regulated as a variant of the forwarding business in the Commercial Code. The logistic bundling smaller program on collection charges has a large transport economic importance.

The possible use of powerful transport systems in the long-distance transport depends on the spatial and temporal consolidation of cargo volume to the shipping and receiving locations. The collection and distribution is carried out by specially used their own or other transport vehicles. The individual items in the catchment of shipping space are collected and related to the terminal of the shipping forwarder bundled on the receiving locations. At the receiver then takes the long-distance transport vehicle, the distribution of individual shipments on the envelope system of the receiving forwarder. Larger individual items are directly picked up and delivered, that is, they will not be handled due to cost and time constraints on the terminals of the shipping and receiving freight forwarders.

Forwarders have already in the 1980s their nationwide cargo transports accelerated so that now applies a 24 -hour service as normal service. Foreign reception locations up to 500 km are now served within 24 hours. For longer distances and at Fähreinsätzen a 48 -hour service comes into play.

Combined shipments are organized by trucking companies in overseas consignments by collecting container or air freight.

Order Processing

Functions and duties of forwarding show a wide field:

  • Procurement of transport and handling rates: Conclusion of contracts with freight carriers or shippers of ships on freight transport by land, water or in the air including the issuing of the respective shipping and accompanying papers, envelope of load devices between modes of transport.
  • Implementation of transport and handling rates: carrier activities, particularly in commercial long distance freight transport, transshipment services in their own or other equipment, conducting overseas shipments by chartered ship and air freight capacity.
  • Organization and execution of cargo, parcel and express services: bundling of small consignments to collection charges in the main run and distribution at the destination in national and European land transport; Consolidation in air and sea traffic.
  • Warehousing and Distribution Logistics: Storage and retrieval, handling of goods, inventory management, picking up the takeover of assembly features, delivery, e-fulfillment for e -commerce.
  • Design and implementation of procurement logistics: taking over the supply chain management for the integration of information and material flows, including the implementation of the necessary transport, handling and storage activities.
  • Other services: The goods shipping, transport and storage, a barely comprehensible in detail the number of services is connected, which is also included in the scope of the forwarding: the acquisition of goods and merchandise treatments ( packaging, repackaging, marking, labeling, sampling, quantity and quality control, placement or provision of loading resources )
  • Issue and procurement of transport documents and waybills of lading (eg FBL - FIATA Multimodal Transport Bill of Lading as a through bill of lading in international traffic ), Konsulatsfakturen, certificates of origin, health certificates, customs declarations, transit documents
  • Implementation of customs clearance and the completion of customs procedures at home and abroad
  • Issuance of certificates Forwarders, Freight Forwarders ( house ) bills of lading, house - AWB ( Airway Bill) and similar documents
  • Completion and placement of marine insurance and issuance of insurance policies
  • Collecting and transferring of COD, bank proper conduct of business documents ( letter of credit)
  • Claims processing complaints and controls

Logistic services

Logistics tasks go well beyond the traditional business of the optimization of freight shipments and transport chains. The mere sending goods from the ramp of the sender to the receiving dock of the receiver is increasingly being replaced by system solutions that integrate the carrier deeper into the procurement and sales processes.

Besides the organization of transport, handling and storage processes there are the additional services ( Value Added Services), which represent the outsourcing for the customer added value:

  • Logistics Consulting
  • Call control
  • Inventory management
  • Quality controls
  • Central warehouse functions
  • Order processing for customers
  • Packaging
  • Assembly work
  • Picking, packaging
  • Labeling
  • Regal service
  • Billing and collection
  • Returns management
  • Call Center
  • Tracking & Tracing
  • E- Fulfillment
  • Temperature control of goods

Fuhrmann silk

I swear an oath to God, that I Well, which is charged to drive me go for cheap periodic reward then, faithfully keep and deliver honestly wants proceed no piece or anything else hinbringen is abandoned as me what about me in money and changing return will be served, sincere and without single rear entertainment present and wants to be me in every way, as an honest, sincere and a faithful Fuhrmann deserves.

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