Geastrum fimbriatum
Gewimperter earthstar ( Geastrum fimbriatum )
The inedible Gewimperte earthstar or fringes earthstar ( Geastrum fimbriatum, Syn Gastrum sessile ) is a species of fungus in the family Erdsternverwandten. It's a rather small to medium sized earthstar with strong split star cloth. The apex opening is fringed to ciliate and the spore sac sessile. The fruiting bodies appear from September to October in deciduous and coniferous forest.
- 6.1 Notes and references
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The fruiting bodies are 2-8 cm wide and up to 5 cm high. Young fruit bodies are colored spherical and reddish brown. They develop underground. At maturity, the outer shell breaks ( Exoperidie ) on star-shaped and bends outward. This fruiting body is lifted from the ground and gets a typical star-like shape. The Exoperidie is arranged in a star shape then from 5-10, pale gray -brown to cream-colored cloth, the roll up soon.
The endoperidium, so the shell surrounding the inner sphere (spore sac ) is sessile and sits directly on the outer shell. She is pale brown to cream beige colored. At the apex of the spore sac is a small, frayed ciliated opening which is called the peristome. Through this slightly conical bulging opening the pale brown spores can escape. The peristome has the ciliate earthstar no yard.
Microscopic characteristics
The roundish, feinwarzigen spores have a diameter of 3-4 microns.
Artabgrenzung
The Gewimperte Earth Star has the sessile spores bag ( endoperidium ) and the viellappig aufreißenden, much curved star cloth ( Exoperidie ) a fairly typical appearance. Smaller, not fully developed specimens of cervical collars - Erdsterns (G. triplex ) may look similar. The outside their mostly dickfleischigeren star cloth, which is located on the inside Zurückkrümmen is, unlike the ciliate earthstar little stuck to soil particles. In addition, the apex opening ( the peristome ) is the ruffs - Erdsterns often surrounded by a clearly demarcated yard.
The comb earthstar (G. pectinatum ), who also likes to grow in a pine forest, has a stalked spore sac that is wrinkled at the base mostly radial. Its apex opening is bounded drüsenartig of a grooved cone.
Ecology and phenology
The fruiting bodies appear solitary or gregarious April to November, but usually from September to October. The Earth Star is growing both in deciduous and coniferous forests in. Often it is found in the leaf litter of coniferous forests, especially under spruce. But he also happens to forest trails, in bushes, railway embankments or in parks and cemeteries. The fungus is soil vague, but preferably alkaline soils.
Dissemination
The Gewimperte earthstar is distributed almost worldwide. It is found in North America (Canada, Mexico, United States), Central America (Ecuador), South America (Bolivia, Venezuela, Argentina ), Asia ( Japan, North Korea, South Korea ), Australia, New Zealand and Europe.
It is found throughout western and central Europe, but not often. Only in limestone areas it can sometimes be site often. In the south, it is spread by Portugal and Spain in the west to Romania and Ukraine to the southeast. In Bulgaria, the Earth Star is widespread and occurs in the Danube Plain and along the Black Sea coast, but also in the mountains. In the north of the Earth Star is widespread throughout Fennoscandia. In Norway, its range extends up to 69 in Sweden to the 67th degree of latitude.
In Germany the Gewimperte earthstar is widely used, but not often. Nevertheless, he is still the most common earth star. In the Alpine countries ( Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria ), he is often up quite often.
Importance
Like all Erdsterne is also the Gewimperte earthstar inedible.
Swell
- Paul Kirk: Geastrum fimbriatum. In: Species Fungorum. Accessed on 9 December 2013.
- Geastrum fimbriatum. In: MycoBank.org. International Mycological Association, accessed on 9 December 2013 ( English).