Geoponica

Geoponica (also Geoponika; mutatis mutandis agricultural work ) is a collective term for ancient Latin and Greek and medieval Greek literature on agriculture.

From ancient times, these include works of Greek authors Xenophon ( Oikonomikos ), Aristotle, Nicander and Menekratos, and also the Roman authors ( and others) Cato ( de agricultura ), Varro ( De re rustica), Virgil ( Georgics ) and Columella ( De re rustica ).

Of the incurred before the 10th century Greek original works, some are not available in the original version, but they can be partly reconstructed on the basis of later literature and translations into other languages.

Get is a collection of twenty books on agriculture, which was made in the 10th century in Constantinople Opel for the Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus. It is based on an older compilation of the specialist writer Cassian Bassus ( Kassianos Basso ) entitled Geoponika of thirty - for us partly preserved partly verlorenenen - ancient authors. Bassus, in turn, made ​​use of two Greek works of authors of the fourth century AD The collection in twenty books is complex in the description; many individual issues need to be clarified. She was into Syriac, Pahlavi, Arabic and Armenian translation.

In Chapter 1, four seasons of equal length are called that are not subject to the points of the sun's course.

• Spring: February 7 to May 7
• Summer: May 8 to August 7
• Fall: August 8 to November 9
• Winter: November 10 to February 6

Later in another rough classification is performed in two year periods, which are determined by the heliacal rising and setting of the Pleiades programs. However, the additional classification plays only a minor role.