Georg Ohm

Georg Simon Ohm ( born March 16, 1789 in Erlangen, † July 6, 1854 in Munich) was a German physicist.

Life

Ohm came from an old citizen family who passed on the locksmith trade from father to son for many generations. His father Johann Wolfgang returned after ten years of wandering as a journeyman after gaining back, earned 1785 champion law and married Elisabeth Maria Beck. Alongside he devoted himself to the study of mathematics and the Kantian philosophy. The father took his two sons, Georg Simon and Martin (1792-1872), who were allowed to visit the school against the family tradition, early approach to mathematics and gave them even mathematics lessons. At the age of fifteen, Georg Simon Ohm a five-hour examination by the mathematics professor Karl Christian von Langsdorf was subjected, who confirmed his extraordinary talent and his well above-average knowledge in the field of mathematics. The professor was so impressed that he brought hope in the final sentence of his report expressed that from the family of locksmith should buy a new Bernoulli brothers.

1805 Georg Simon Ohm began as a 16- year-old studying mathematics, physics and philosophy at the Friedrich -Alexander- University of Erlangen. Because of financial difficulties he had to study after a year break and went as a mathematics teacher at a private school in the former convent Gottstatt in Switzerland. At 22, he returned to Erlangen back, was there in 1811 received his doctorate with a thesis on light and color to the doctor and worked in Erlangen then three semesters as a lecturer in mathematics. In 1813 he became a teacher at the secondary school in Bamberg, in 1817 teacher of physics and mathematics at the Jesuit Gymnasium ( Epiphany School ) in Cologne and in 1826 at the Military Academy in Berlin.

His main interest was the then still largely unexplored electricity. In 1833 he became professor at the Royal Polytechnic School in Nuremberg, where he also conducted as a director in 1839 and which today bears his name. In 1849 he joined the University of Munich, where he first held an extraordinary, from 1852 full professor of experimental physics.

His students included the mathematician Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, and the astronomer Eduard Heis.

His final resting place was Georg Simon Ohm at the Old South Cemetery in Munich ( grave field 15 Series 1- grave 41 ) - ( Standort48.12708333333311.566 ).

Works

The Ohms writings are numerous. The most important was a 1827 in Berlin published article entitled edited The galvanic chain mathematically. This work, whose initial ideas were published in the two preceding years in the Biographic- Literary Dictionary of the Exact Sciences by Johann Salomon Schweigger and Johann Christian Poggendorff, has exerted a major influence on the development of the theory and application of electrical current.

Ohms name is entered in the terminology of the theory of electricity. As ohmic law, the proportionality between current and voltage is referred to in an electrical conductor that Ohm had found in the spring of 1826. The constant of proportionality is referred to as an electrical resistor, the SI unit is the ohm ( Ω symbol ).

Ohm introduced in 1843 also a theory of the aliquot or overtones on.

Honors

List of selected works

  • Baselines to an appropriate treatment of geometry as higher education agent ( debut ) (PDF)
  • Preliminary indication of the law, according to which metals the Contaktelektricität conduct (In: Journal of Chemistry and Physics, edited in conjunction with several scholars of JSC Schweigger Hall: .. . Association for the distribution of natural knowledge 44, 1825 = Year Book of Chemistry and Physics [New series ], as a journal of the Association for the dissemination of scientific knowledge of nature and higher truth, edited by JSC Schweigger Hall: .. . association founded to promote knowledge of nature 14, 1825, pp. 110-118 ) (PDF)
  • About conductivity of metals for electricity (In: Journal of Chemistry and Physics, edited in conjunction with several scholars of JSC Schweigger Hall: Association for the distribution of natural knowledge 44, 1825 = Year Book of Chemistry and Physics [ New Series ]; than one.. . journal of the Scientific society for the distribution of natural knowledge and higher truth, edited by JSC Schweigger Hall: .. association founded to promote knowledge of nature 14, 1825, pp. 245-247 ) (PDF).
  • The galvanic battery, mathematically processed ( Riemann, Berlin 1827, 245 S.: graph Darst. ) ( PDF; digitized and full text in German Text Archive ), ISBN 3-939962-03-1
  • The galvanic battery, mathematically processed (Berlin 1827; New Ed, Vienna 1857)
  • Addenda to Ohm 's mathematical processing of the galvanic cell: Send letter of Dr. GS Ohm, Professor at Berlin, to the Councillor Pfaff, a professor at Erlangen (In: Archive for the whole of natural science, edited by KWG Kastner Nuremberg 14, 1828. .. pp. 475-493 ) (PDF)
  • About the definition of the sound, along with knotted it theory of the siren and similar tonbildender devices (In: Annals of Physics and Chemistry, edited in Berlin by JC Poggendorff 59, 1843 = Annals of Physics and Chemistry, Second Series 29, 1843.. .. Leipzig: Barth, pp. 513-565 ) (PDF)
  • Elements of analytic geometry in space at oblique Coordinatensysteme (Nuremberg: Schrag, 1849, XII, 590 p. ) = Contributions to Molecular Physics 1 (PDF )
  • Explanation of all observable in uniaxial crystal plates between linearly polarized light interference phenomena (Munich 1854) (PDF)
  • Elementary physics as a compendium to his lectures (Nuremberg, 1854) (PDF)
Martin Ohm List of Jesuit institutions Copley Medal Asteroid (24750) Ohm Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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