Grand admiral
Grand Admiral was historically in some countries the highest rank in the Navy, comparable with the rank Field Marshal.
- 6.1 Ottoman Empire
- 6.2 France
- 6.3 Soviet Union
- 6.4 United Kingdom
- 6.5 United States
- 6.6 Empire of Japan
German Empire
Imperial Navy
The rank was created at the request of the Imperial Navy, which wanted to have a Field Marshal equivalent rank. William II granted this and thus introduced the rank.
The first Admiral, who was appointed in the German fleet to Grand Admiral Hans von Koester was. The appointment was made on 28 June 1905. The rank was assigned to the end of the empire five times. An outward sign of dignity is the Grand Admiral Grand Admiral rod.
- July 13, 1905 - Oscar II, King of Sweden and Norway ( 1829-1907; honorary )
- September 4, 1909 - Henry, Prince of Prussia ( 1862-1929 )
- January 27, 1911 - Alfred von Tirpitz ( 1849-1930; rank and title, but no magic: was not entitled to carry a large naval staff )
- May 31, 1918 - Henning Holtzendorff ( 1853-1919 )
Wilhelm II occurred in maritime events regularly in the uniform of a Grand Admiral.
Reichsmarine
In the German Navy during the Weimar Republic the rank was not awarded.
Navy
In the navy of the German Wehrmacht the Grand Admiral was the highest ranks of the naval forces.
The rank was introduced on 1 April 1939 the Commander of the Navy Erich Raeder again. After his dismissal Karl Dönitz was charged with skipping in the grade Admiral promoted on January 31, 1943 Grand Admiral (see also NS - rank structure).
Austria - Hungary
Sweden
In Sweden there was a kingdom to 1680 Admiral as the top Navy Office and then to 1828 an Admiral as the highest naval rank. The subsequent appointment of the Swedish Crown Prince Oskar to Grand Admiral ( Storamiral ) remained an exception ( 1827/28-1840 ).
Italy
In Italy the rank of Grande Ammiraglio 1924 was introduced by Benito Mussolini and only to Paolo Thaon di Revel, the head of the Navy in the First World War, awarded. The rank was comparable to a Marshal of Italy ( Marshal d' Italia ) or Air Chief Marshal ( Marshal dell'Aria ).
Peru
The rank of Grand Admiral of Peru ( Gran Almirante del Perú ) was introduced in 1967 by the Peruvian Congress for the Peruvian Navy and posthumously awarded the Peruvian national hero Miguel Grau Seminario.
Highest Admiral ranks in other states
Ottoman Empire
See Kapudan Pasha
France
In France, existed until the 19th century the title of Admiral of France for the commander of the fleet. The Vichy regime introduced the rank Amiral de la Flotte for François Darlan.
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union had known since 1944 to the rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union stood on the same level as the Marshal of the Soviet Union since 25 May 1945.
Great Britain
The United Kingdom has a highest rank in the Royal Navy Admiral of the Fleet.
United States
In the United States there was a carrier of the title Admiral of the Navy. In 1944, the Fleet Admiral rank was introduced as the highest rank in the Navy, which was only awarded four 1944 to 1945. He stands on the same level as the General of the Army.
Empire of Japan
In the Empire of Japan was the equivalent in the Imperial Japanese Navy Gensui (元帅) or, as a demarcation from the same equivalent of the Army, Kaigun Gensui (海军 元帅). As the first Saigō Tsugumichi received on January 20, 1898 this rank and the last had him held Koga Mineichi († 1944).