Groothusen

53.4341666666677.06777777777783Koordinaten: 53 ° 26 ' 3 " N, 7 ° 4' 4" O

Map of Krummhoern

Groothusen is an old Langwurtendorf in the community Krummhoern in the west of East Friesland, about 15 kilometers northwest of the seaport city of Emden with 458 inhabitants (as at 31 December 2012). The mound has a length of about 500 meters and a width of about 130 meters.

History

After the lifting tab of the monastery becoming ( BECOMING arable ) the place is first mentioned in the year 1000 under the name Husum, but the place has probably already in the 8th century its origin. After locally made ​​excavations may indicate a Wikdorf, ie a trading post are closed. It was applied to a tidal creek that emptied into the so-called Bay of Sielmönken, which is now completely silted up.

The distance from the coast at that time was only about 500 meters and then proceeded in close proximity to maritime way of the Friesian long-distance trade, including between Dorestad and Hedeby. Frisian merchants piled their goods here and found with longer stays in place accommodation. After Bedeichung in the 13th century Groothusen has lost its significance as a trading center. Besides Groothusen found in Ostfriesland more Langwurtendörfer in Grimersum ( Krummhoern ) Jemgum and Hatzum ( Rheiderland ), in the village of Oldersum ( Moormerland ) and Nesse ( Norder march ).

Already in the early Middle Ages Husum was the seat of Münster provost. The north western end of the elongated Threw village is the large St. Peter 's Church, one of the six churches of the old provost Emsgaues, with its massive church tower. The bell dates from the year in 1526. The defeated from 1590 in Blaustein grave stone of the Adda Meckenaborg, Lady of Groothusen, is considered a special delicacy. Among other interesting grave slabs represent the Ghert of Klinghe 1454 cast magnificent bronze font and valuable organ by Johann Friedrich Wenthin ( 1798-1801 ), with its unique flute sounds more vision and Hörenswürdigkeiten the old church dar.

Three Castles, Easter, Middelburg and Westerburg ed in earlier times the village image Groot Husens. Only the Osterburg - rebuilt in 1490 - remained to this day, the other two were destroyed in 1400 and 1432 feuds of the hamburgers. The Osterburg is located on the east side of the village in a conservation area with a long, old lime avenue. Today it is home to numerous historical memorabilia.

1744 fell Groothusen as quite Ostfriesland to Prussia. The Prussian officials created in 1756 a statistical overview for commercial Ostfriesland. In that year there were in Groothusen 23 merchants and artisans, among them there were three bakers, weavers and tailors, two coopers, blacksmiths, cobblers and carpenters as well as one Glaser and barber. The three merchants traded with trifles of salt, tobacco and soap.

In the course of the Hanoverian offices reform in 1859, the Office Greetsiel was dissolved and added to the official Emden, Groothusen belonged since the latter. In the Prussian district reform in 1885, the county was formed from the Emden Emden Office, the Groothusen belonged afterwards.

For centuries, the natural lows and the drainage canals that crisscross the Krummhoern in a dense network, the most important mode of transport. About ditches and canals not only the villages but also many farmsteads with the city of Emden and the harbor Greetsiel were connected. Especially the boat traffic with Emden was important. Village boatmen took over the supply of places with goods from the city and delivered in the opposite direction of agricultural products: "From Sielhafenort smaller vessels, called Loogschiffe, the folded cargo transported inland and supplied the march villages ( loog = village). Until the 20th century the Loogschiffe from the bustling Krummhoern the canals of the city of Emden. "

Peat, which was mostly recovered in the East Frisian Fehnen, played for centuries an important role as a fuel for the inhabitants of the Krummhoern. The Torfschiffe brought the material on the East Frisian channel network to the villages of Krummhoern, including by Groothusen. On their way back into the Fehnsiedlungen the Torfschiffer took often with clay soil from the march and the dung of cattle, with which they fertilize their land were dug up at home.

In April 1919, there were so-called "Bacon parades " Emden workers to the country joined labor unrest. Together with the Rheiderland the county Emden was the most affected by these riots part of East Friesland. Workers broke into full train to the surrounding villages and stole food from farmers, where there were clashes. The situation calmed down only after the deployment of troops stationed in the region of the Reichswehr. In response, were formed in almost every town in the Emden area Einwohnerwehren. The common Einwohnerwehr Pewsums, Woquards and Groot Husens was the head count strongest in the district of Emden and included 140 people. These possessed 40 weapons. The Home Guards were released only after the adoption of the Prussian Minister of the Interior Carl Severing on 10 April 1920.

On July 1, 1972 Grothusen was incorporated into the new municipality Krummhoern.