Guard marine

Shoulder Imperial Russian Navy

The Guard Marin (Russian Гардемарин, English Guard marine) was a rank in the Imperial Russian Navy. It existed from 1716 until 1917. The name is a transliteration of the French garde -marine. From 1716-1752 and 1860-1882, the service level for active serving members of the fleet was provided in between, he was awarded only to members of military training facilities in the fleet.

The rank was in 1716 by Emperor Peter I for the graduates of the Academy of Fleet Guard ( Академия морской гвардии ), which was the first maritime training institution of Russia introduced. The graduates of this institution were from 1718 Guard Company. On the Schiifen the fleet they were among the lower ranks and wore the uniform of the Preobrazhensky regiment body. After the military rules of that time they were " during combat soldiers, sailors while driving " (" в бою, как солдаты, в ходу, как матросы "). After the practical training on board the rank of Guard Marin ski or Star Guard Marin they were appointed as officers. According to the rules of 1720 ( Морской Устав 1720 года ) their number was not limited to ships. During the battle they were used to the guns, where they supported the gunners. In the remaining time, they carried out the duties of the sailors, but they had to perceive the duties of other grades for four hours a day. Of these four hours, they were used one and a half hours at the helm, they had thirty minutes to conduct the training at the musket, another hour they provided service as a constable (Russian: констапель, an inserted at the naval artillery NCO rank ) or an artillery officer. Another hour they represented the captain of the ship or the appropriate officer of the ship's officers.

In 1752, the training facilities of the fleet were dissolved and replaced by the Seekadettenkorps ( Морской кадетский корпус ) replaced. To guard Marin his trainees were appointed, who received a training of three years. In the first year, arithmetic, geometry, trigonometry, foreign languages and a number of nautical subjects were taught. During the following years, the trainees were taught in special subjects. In the first two years they had to do an internship board.

From 1906, the service level of graduates of Seekadettenkorps or seafaring School of Engineering ( Морское инженерное училище ) was awarded, the board completed their internship. After the one-year internship a practical examination had to be stored, then the Gardemariny graduates in shipbuilding or mechanism for Podporutschik were appointed michman. Graduates who failed the practical test showed insufficient nautical qualities and appeared not suitable for military service in the fleet, were dismissed with the rank of Podporutschik or as officials X. class (see table Rank ).

After the October Revolution in November 1917, the rank was abolished.

( Боцман / Bozman )