Gustav Teichmüller

Gustav Teichmüller ( born November 19, 1832 in Braunschweig, † 10 Maijul / May 22 1888greg in Dorpat, Russia ( today: .. Tartu, Estonia) ) was a German philosopher.

Life

Teichmüller studied from 1852 under Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg philosophy in Berlin and one semester in Tuebingen. In financial difficulty through the death of his father, Teichmüller took in August 1855 a tutor place in the house of the Minister of Werther. Teichmüller still found time to do a doctorate in 1856 in Halle, before he moved with his employer to Saint Petersburg. There took over Teichmüller, after he left the service in Werther, 1858 a position as a teacher at the Gymnasium of St. Anne's Church. In the same year he married Anna Cramer, the daughter of a landowner Estonian. In 1860 he qualified as a Privatdozent (philosophy) in Göttingen, where he went to lively exchange of ideas with Rudolf Hermann Lotze and Heinrich Ritter ( philosopher) and won on Rudolf Eucken significant influence. When in 1862 his wife died, Teichmüller had not been able to continue his teaching. Instead, he went in 1863 to an eighteen-month journey to the Orient. Newly inspired, he took up teaching again and married his brother's wife Lina Cramer. 1868 Teichmüller became professor of philosophy at the University of Basel. After a call from the University of Dorpat, he followed in 1871, Pond miller Basler Chair at his former pupil Rudolf Eucken was awarded its application, inter alia, prevailed against Friedrich Nietzsche. Teichmüller remained until his death in 1888 professor of philosophy at Dorpat.

In 1975, a street was named after Teichmüller in Braunschweig.

Work

Pond Müller's work can be divided into three main sections. At first he worked almost exclusively with the study of Aristotle. The first creative portion attributable to: Aristotelian investigations. Vol I. Contributions to the Poetics of Aristotle (Hall 1867), Vol II: Aristotle's Philosophy of Art (Hall 1869), Vol III:. History of the concept of the parousia (Hall 1873).

The latter already reveals the transition to pond miller second topic, the history of concepts. Stimuli Teichmüller served antiquity, whose thoughts he did not consider movement as a story of personalities but as history of ideas. Internal correlations wanted Teichmüller open up especially in areas where it was previously assumed that separate systems and isolated Tradierungslinien. The main works are: Studies in the History of the terms (Berlin 1874), New Studies in the History of the terms (3 volumes, Gotha 1876-1879 ), literary feuds in the fourth century BC (2 volumes, Gotha in 1881 and 1884).

The highlight pond miller creative form his systematic work in a final phase. You underlies pond miller philosophy of the distinction between real and apparent world. The origin of our concept of being seen Teichmüller in self-confidence. It is essential to raise awareness, which includes feeling and acting, sharp from the theoretical knowledge to separate the specific knowledge. Concepts such as space, time and movement are Teichmüller only as shapes that compress internal processes to intuitions. This projected outward forms of reality itself, however strange. Pond miller philosophical view, which is similar to the systems of Leibniz and Lotze, is contained in the following works: The real and the apparent world. New Foundations of Metaphysics (Breslau 1882), Philosophy of Religion (Breslau 1886), New foundations of psychology and logic ( posthumously, Breslau, 1889).

Curiosity - Truth faithful account of my trip to heaven, written by Immanuel Kant

The strangest font pond miller is probably his humorous settlement with the neo-Kantianism, which is titled Truth faithful account of my trip to heaven, written by Immanuel Kant and 1877 anonymous published by Perthes in Gotha. It can Teichmüller fictional Immanuel Kant tell of how he intentionally came in 1804 in the sky by expending all his strength of mind, to compete with the late philosopher of the past. But instead of recognizing Kant's Championship, make this just make fun of him, and he is subject to a time after time in the philosophical dispute. Unsure whether this experience, Kant decides to return back to earth and never to die, because he believes that he is the only way to prevent his teachings into oblivion.

Knowledge of pond miller authorship of this work is now partially forgotten. Over the years it has disappeared from the printed encyclopedias such as Meyers Lexicon as a result of articles cuts. Not exactly helpful in this direction, it proved that the publisher Matthes and Seitz, who got a new edition of Truth report in 1997, renounced even to mention Teichmüller only one word. Also in many library catalogs is now given Kant as putative author, which is more than unlikely in view of the first sentence: "I know that the opinion is prevalent everywhere that I had died of old age in 1804. "

Writings

• The Aristotelian division of constitutional forms. St. Petersburg in 1859.
• Aristotle's research. Vol I. Contributions to the Poetics of Aristotle. Hall in 1867.
• Aristotle's research. Vol II: Aristotle's Philosophy of Art. Hall, 1869.
• Aristotle's research. Vol III:. History of the concept of the parousia. Hall in 1873.
• Studies of the history of ideas. Berlin 1874.
• Recent studies of the history of concepts. three volumes, Gotha 1876 to 1879.
• Darwinism and philosophy. Dorpat in 1877.
• Truth faithful account of my trip to heaven, written by Immanuel Kant Gotha 1877.
• Literary feuds in the fourth century BC. two volumes, Breslau in 1881 and 1884.
• The real and the apparent world. New foundation of metaphysics. Breslau 1882.
• Philosophy of religion. Breslau 1886.
• New foundation of psychology and logic. Breslau in 1889, posthumously.