Gymnocarpium

Oak fern ( Gymnocarpium dryopteris )

The oak tree ferns ( Gymnocarpium ) are a genus of ferns from the family of Woodsiaceae. Of the eight species are native three in Europe.

Description

The oak tree ferns are perennials with a long, thin, creeping rhizome.

Fertile and sterile fronds are designed the same and are individually. They are at least twice pinnate at the base, the pinnules are pinnate. The lowermost Fiederpaar is greater than the following. The Wedelspreite in outline triangular, about as long as wide, long-petiolate. The veins end freely.

The sori are individually and away from the edge. They are usually small. The veils are invalid or missing.

System

The genus consists of eight species. The home in Europe are:

  • Oak fern ( Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman), a circumpolar distribution.
  • Ruprechtsfarn ( Gymnocarpium robertianum ( Hoffm. ) Newman), a circumpolar distribution.
  • Gymnocarpium jessoense ( Koidz. ) Koidz, with circumpolar distribution, circumpolar, in Europe, but only in the Northeast, with two subspecies: Gymnocarpium jessoense ( Koidz. ) Koidz. subsp. jessoense, represents the kind in Northern and Central Asia.
  • Gymnocarpium jessoense ( Koidz. ) Koidz. subsp. parvulum Sarvela, in North America, Finland, Siberia and Kazakhstan.

The other types are:

  • Gymnocarpium appalachianum Pryer & Haufler, in eastern North America.
  • Gymnocarpium disjunctum ( Rupr. ) Ching, in western North America as well as in Kamchatka and on Sakhalin.
  • Fedtschenkos oak fern ( Gymnocarpium fedtschenkoanum Pojark. ) In the mountains of Central Asia.
  • Gymnocarpium oyamense ( Baker) Ching in East and Southeast Asia.
  • Gymnocarpium remotepinnatum ( Hayata ) Ching in East Asia.

Furthermore, the following hybrids are known:

  • Gymnocarpium × achriosporum Sarvela ( Gymnocarpium dryopteris × G. robertianum )
  • Gymnocarpium × bipinnatifidum Miyam. ( Gymnocarpium oyamense × G. robertianum )
  • Gymnocarpium × brittonianum ( Sarvela ) Pryer & Haufler ( Gymnocarpium disjunctum × G. dryopteris )
  • Gymnocarpium × heterosporum WHWagner ( Gymnocarpium appalachianum × G. robertianum )
  • Gymnocarpium × intermedium Sarvela ( Gymnocarpium dryopteris × G. jessoense subsp. Parvulum )

Swell

  • Siegmund Seybold (ed.): Schmeil - Fitschen interactive. CD -ROM, Version 1.1, Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6.
  • Anthony Clive Jermy: Gymnocarpium Newman. In: TG Tutin, NA Burges, AO Chater, JR Edmondson, VH Heywood, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb ( eds.): Flora Europaea. 2nd revised edition. Volume 1: Psilotaceae to Platanaceae, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge / New York / Melbourne 1993, ISBN 0 - 521-41007 -X, p.26 ( limited preview on Google Book Search ).
  • Gymnocarpium on www.farndatenbank.de, accessed on 18 November 2012.
Leptosporangiate fern Edward Newman (entomologist) Sorus
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