Hairdresser

A hairdresser ( and hairdresser; feminine form hairdresser, hairdresser, hairdresser or hairdresser, in Switzerland hairdresser, Coiffeurin, hairdresser, partly [ Hair ] stylist ) is a specialist in the care of the hair and the design of the hairstyle. The profession developed in the German-speaking countries, or in most of Western and Central Europe, from the medieval professions of barber and the barber.

The profession is a classical domain of women. 2010, the proportion of women was education and professional practice in the DACH countries at 93 %.

Designations

The word derives from the French, where the verb friser means " curl " means. The term hairdresser was very common in French never and is now extinct. The initial idea was the "official" female form of the German Occupation haircut after the French certificate of origin. Barber was common in German since the late 17th century. Gradually sat down instead haircut hairdresser by the name. Nowadays more and more used the term stylist.

The older German designation was Frisierer, Hair ( s) cutters, hair curlers or barber (the latter for the Barber ).

After starring two classic comedies called " Figaro " is sometimes used as a synonym for a barber. Both comedies - The Barber of Seville and The Marriage of Figaro great day or were the subject of famous operas:

• The Barber of Seville by Gioacchino Rossini and
• Le Nozze di Figaro ( The Marriage of Figaro ) by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

The hair salons in Germany wearing a long time mainly only the name of the operator. Around the turn of the millennium were, especially in large cities, salon name with puns fashion, for example, " Four Haareszeiten ", " comb ", "Discover Hair", " bounty hunter ", " sooner or later " or " The Scissorhands ".

Many hair salons are different - depending on the work experience - different power levels, which are reflected for the customers in a correspondingly higher remuneration. Differences are often here the steps, however, are not uniformly regulated:

• Young Stylist: Hairdressers in advanced training stage or be learned professional with one to four years of professional experience
• Stylist: professional training and have completed at least one or at least three years of professional experience
• Top Stylist: professional with at least three or at least five years of professional experience
• Master Stylist: Friseurmeister

Tasks and services

Hairdressers working in hair salons or visit the customer's home. They advise their customers, give them recommendations for hair design and usually also sell hair care products. Its activities also include the classic washing, cutting ( dry and wet) and blow dry as well as shave. Furthermore, dyed hair (hair, eyelashes, eyebrows), tinted or with strands (American Colors, foils, hood, Comb and Glove strands, Painting) provided and inserted by means of lock- and water-wave curlers, with permanent or cold waves or volume waves provided. To care for hair treatments are often offered. On special occasions they finished gala hairstyles, updos, but can usually also carry hair extensions and hair densities. About the classic business also belongs to the field of activity generally the type of advice, plucking eyebrows and eyelashes as well Wimpernkolorieren - Waving, beautifying the fingernails as well as the field of cosmetics.

Training

Germany

Barber is a registrable trade. The Education of hairdressers lasts three years. As training opportunities, the path of hairdressers / in is open.

Austria

In Austria one makes a three-year training for / as a hairdresser and wig maker ( stylist ). Apprentices currently get at least € 353 per month, in the first, € 449, in the second and 619 € in the third year of training.

Period of training, education and training volume are controlled through said to § 7 of the Vocational Training Act Training Ordinance, the minimum wage on collective agreement.

Switzerland

The lesson to the hairdresser or hairdresser EFZ EFZ takes in Switzerland for three years.

As a refinement of the way to the hairdresser with Federal Certificate (professional examination ) is open and then to the hairdresser with a Swiss diploma ( Higher Technical Examination ). The federal diploma roughly corresponds to the degree of master in Germany.

USA

In order to work in the U.S. as a Hairdresser, a state license is required. The requirements for this license vary from state to state. The training for Hairdresser or Barber takes place at Barber Schools, Cosmetology Schools and beauty schools. In most states, the training lasts about 9-18 months. The schools can be private barber schools or at public community colleges and the tuition is $ 6.000 to 14.000. A few community colleges also offer the academic degree " Associate in Applied Science in Cosmetology " to, this includes, in addition to license additional economic training and takes at least 4 years.

Customer protection

For protection against pollution of the clothes by hair, shampoos, gels and colors the customer a cape is folded normally. In the collar of this cloak around paper towels are sometimes clamped to a hygienic reasons and on the other, to prevent rubbing on the neck. The same effect has a stretchy neck brace. This broad cravat from crepe -like material is placed tightly around the neck of the customer, then the cloak is folded and strapped. Some hairdressers put children at special collars that will keep at its head.

Hairdressers are obliged to abide by the Infection Protection Act, short IfSG (Law on the prevention and control of infectious diseases in humans), and based thereon hygiene regulations of each country. There are to abide by the accepted rules of hygiene. This includes, for example, the regular cleaning / disinfecting of equipment, disinfection of the equipment, when it has come to an unintentional violation of the customer and thus contamination of the working fluid with blood or other secretions, and the use of clean and fresh purified capes and towels to the customer. Similarly, results from the fact that persons who are infested with head lice, can not be treated.

Protection of workers

For the union employee perception of legal issues in the hairdressing industry within the DGB trade union Verdi has jurisdiction. The statutory accident insurance as in the medical and nursing professions, the professional Association for Health and Welfare (Headquarters Hamburg).

Monday is traditionally a day of rest of hairdressers and spread as before. While many barbers also open on Saturdays, have the position of the rest day but two consecutive free days. Nowadays, many, but not all salons on all six days of the week are open.

Known Hairdressers

• The Frenchman Marcel Grateau in 1872 he developed the undulation ( German: ripple, wave ), which was used until the 1960s.
• The court hairdresser Kaiser Wilhelm II, Francois Haby, propagated a successful throughout Germany mustache fashion.
• The hairdresser Karl Ludwig Nessler invented in 1906 the perm.
• Vidal Sassoon revolutionized in the 1960s, the cutting techniques.
• A well-known German hairdresser Udo Walz.