Hasmonean dynasty
- Situation in the year 160 BC
- Conquered territory
Hasmoneans (Hebrew: Haschmonaim ) is the name of a ruling dynasty in the second and first centuries BCE in Judea, also known as the Maccabees, the BCE after the revolt in 167 established an independent Jewish state in the region of Palestine. The patriotic priest ( Kohen ) Matisyahu is regarded as the ancestor of this dynasty. His son Judah Maccabee was later, " the hammer " called. He embodies the revolt against the Zwangshellenisierung of Judea. In art and literature, he is known as "Judas Maccabaeus ." The Hasmonean kings were the same ruler and high priest. They founded a strictly religious -oriented system when priests. The Maccabees bestowed on the Jews in Israel for more than a century-long time extensive autonomy, while also teaching the Jewish religion was further developed.
In 63 v.d.Z. the empire lost after the conquest by Pompey its independence. There then existed, however, continued as a Roman client-state. Due to the reorganization of Palestine by Pompey the Hasmoneans remained only the religious office of high priest.
The Hasmonean dynasty lost in 37 v.d.Z. finally their power, and Herod the Great was king.
In 6 n.d.Z. the Kingdom was transformed by Emperor Augustus in the Roman province of Judea and lost its statehood.
The Hasmonean rulers:
- Judas Maccabaeus ( 165-160 BC)
- Jonathan ( 160-143 BC)
- Simon ( 143-135 BC)
- John Hyrcanus I. ( 135-104 BC)
- Aristobulus I ( 104-103 BC)
- Alexander Jannaeus ( 103-76 BC)
- Salome Alexandra ( 76-67 BC)
- Aristobulus II ( 67-63 BC)
High Priest from 63 BC:
- John Hyrcanus II ( 63-40 BC)
- Antigonus ( 40-37 BC)
- Aristobulus III. (35 BC)
Other members of the family:
- Alexander, son of Aristobulus II, († 49 BC)
- Alexandra, wife of Alexandros, mother of Mariamne († 28 BC)
- Mariamne, wife of Herod the Great ( † 29 BC)