Heinrich Isaac
Heinrich Isaac (Italian Arrigo Tedesco; * 1450 probably in Flanders in the area of Bruges, † March 26, 1517 in Florence ) was an frankoflämischer composer and singer.
- 2.1 Media
- 2.2 Measure
- 2.3 alternatim Fairs
- 2.4 motets
- 2.5 Secular Works 2.5.1 French and Flemish title
- 2.5.2 Italian title
- 2.5.3 German title
- 2.5.4 Secular Latin title
- 2.5.5 quodlibets
- 2.5.6 never entered text or language uncertain
Life
From Flanders to Florence
Isaac calls his father Hugh of Flanders ( † February 1489 ). Isaac's birth name might be " Hendrick " was; in Italy it was called " Arrigo " in Germany " Heinrich". In what city has acted Isaac to 1484 is unknown.
On September 15, 1484 a payment to " grove plantains Ysaac composer " is occupied in Innsbruck. Obviously Isaac was at the invitation of Lorenzo de 'Medici on the way to Florence and stayed a long time at the court of Sigismund of Tyrol, where Paul Hofhaimer worked.
In Florence until the fall of the Medici
In Florence Isaac Singer was the cathedral Santa Maria del Fiore. The cantori di San Giovanni sang at the Cathedral of S. Maria del Fiore ( every Sunday ), the Baptistery of San Giovanni and Annunziata Sanctissima. At these churches Isaac worked as a singer and composer. Payments for services in the cathedral are detected from July 1485, activity on S. Annunziata for the period after October 1, 1486th From 1 October 1491 to the April 30, 1492 were Alexander Agricola, Johannes Ghiselin, and Charles de Launoy colleagues Isaacs.
Lorenzo de ' Medici was very satisfied with the services Isaacs. The patronage of Lorenzo for Isaac went so far that this gave him a wife; he found it in the born on May 16, 1464 Bartolomea Bello, the daughter of the butcher Piero Bello, who ran his business near the Medici Palace. In connection with disputes between Isaac and Lorenzo Gianberti because of a money debt in February 1489 reported that Isaac lived in the San Lorenzo district, where the Medici palace stood.
On April 8, 1492 Lorenzo died. In September, Piero, Lorenzo's successor went, with his court, in anticipation of the coronation of Pope Alexander VI. to Rome, and received Isaac as Charles de Launoy and Piero di Bonello ( Pietrequin ) on the occasion of travel clothing allowance. By the end of October 1492 Isaac was back in Florence.
As a result of disruption of the Florentine economy and the high coming Savonarola, the choir was disbanded on April 1, 1493. Then Isaac came into private services of Piero de ' Medici. However, in November 1494 the Medici of Florence were expelled and Isaac lost his patron.
Isaac in the service of Maximilian I
Prove two notarial operations on 19 and 20 January 1495 that Isaac was preparing his departure from Florence. From 19 dated an acknowledgment of the debt Piero Bello against Isaac; Bello then had been obliged to pay a dowry to a dominant Piera; Isaac apparently interpreted the amount. Bello owed Isaac also a sum of money from the partial maintenance of a farm Piero were this age in Careggi. It is striking that Isaac would have refunded the money owed in Florence or Pisa. This probably means that Isaac hoped in Pisa on a new livelihood. On January 20, Isaac sealed in the cathedral the notarial donation of the amount owed by the father to his wife.
It may be assumed that Isaac turned to Pisa. There, at any rate shows him a document of 13 November 1496th The Roman- German king at that time, later Emperor Maximilian I had made a stop in Pisa and became aware of Isaac. He ordered the " dissensions, leave and release " of the " Capel, as of Augsburg ", the relocation of the remaining Kapellknaben from Augsburg to Vienna, and the purchase of summer dresses for the cantor Kerner, the Boys' Choir and Isaac. Apparently Maximilian was anxious to " dis - cantieren on Brabants to" by combining the best parts of its various chapels, to " establish to Vienna ain chapels ". A document dated April 3, 1497 Innsbruck titled Isaac as court composer. On the same day Isaac signed by hand the service pledge.
On September 25, 1499 put the hospital of S. Maria Nuova fixed in return for the payment of certain sums of money alljährlicher Natural deliveries for Isaac and his wife. This shows that Isaac, despite his employment with Maximilian I, Florence was still considered as center of his life.
Isaac held later than February 1, 1500 again at the court of Maximilian in Innsbruck and followed his masters for almost 2 years on his travels. So it is April 15 and September 8, 1500 in Augsburg, detected in Nuremberg on November 7, 1500 in Nuremberg on March 20, 1501 in Wels and on 10 November 1501.
From 1502 to 1506 Isaac lived mostly in Florence. On April 9, 1502 and in 1504 he paid there sums of money to the hospital of S. Maria Nuova as a down payment to a pension for himself and his wife. On August 15, 1502 he put on his will, which he deposited in the church of S. Maria dei Servi ( = S. Annunziata). He determined that you should bury him in S. Maria dei Servi and continued his wife to a sole heir. On July 4, 1506, he served as a trustee for his widowed sister- dealer Margherita, who had married the singer Charles de Launoy. Isaac provided them with money for a dowry on the occasion of her remarriage to Michele Gaudenti. On the same day that Isaac undertook to to maintenance and supply of Maria de Launoy, Margherita's daughter, also to repay certain, Isaac owed sums of money.
Interlude in Ferrara
In the summer of 1502 but left Isaac to Ferrara. Here lured an office at the court of Duke Ercole I of music -obsessed d'Este. Over the course of the negotiations says the famous letter of the Commissioner of Gian Ercole of 2 September 1502.
" I must inform Your Grace that Isaac, the singer has been in Ferrara and a motet by a La mi la sol la sol la mi ' fantasy titled wrote; this is very good, and he wrote them in two days. From this we can only conclude that it is very fast in the art of composition; for the rest he is benign and treatable .... he took the time stipulated for one month for the answer, if he wants to serve or not. We have ... him 10 ducats per month promised ... To me he seems well suited to serve your worship, better than Josquin, because he is to his musicians from liebenswürdigerem beings and wants to compose new works more often. The fact that Josquin composes better, is correct, but he composes when he wants it, not when you'd expect from him, and he demanded 200 ducats as a reward while Isaac will come for 120 ... "
Isaac in Germany
Between 1497 and 1507 Isaac has crossed several times the Alps at Brenner; Testimony is Isaac's membership in the brotherhood of the monastery located near Bressanone at Neustift. There he was taken in 1506 or later. A visit to Konstanz before 1505 witnessed a note in Friodlin Silcher Orgeltabulatur what Isaac "Sub tuum praesidium ", has written at the request of the June 1505 fatal accident victim organist at Constance, Martin Vogelmaier the motet.
Between April and July 1507, held in Konstanz and the Reichstag in February 1508 Trento coronation of Emperor Maximilian were highlights in Isaac's career. Emerged " Sancti Spiritus assit " and " Imperii proceres " For the Reichstag. Even more impressive is the sixteenth part motet "Virgo prudentissima " of which is narrated that Isaac has composed it in Konstanz; they should be sounded on August 15, 1508.
In January 1508 Isaac dwelt still in Constance. Niccolò Machiavelli reported to have here, " Arrigo, the composer, who was his wife here " spoken. On April 14, 1508 Chapter Konstanz Cathedral at the request of the Rector of the Imperial Chapel, Georg Slatkonia decided to appoint Isaac with the composition of Messpropria the main festivals. Isaac accepted this job. The compositions fill constantinus the 2nd volume of the Isaac Ludwig students Senfl 1550/1555 issued Choralis. Already on May 18, 1509 order appears to have been at least satisfied for the most part. On November 29, 1509 Constance cathedral chapter decided to honor Isaac for the supplied compositions. Incidentally, the composition had been delivered by messenger.
Age in Florence
In Florence, a supply of cereals to " Arigo d' Ugo di Fiandra " is listed for the August 7, 1509. On May 25, 1510 decided to Maximillian royal household, to give Isaac goods in Val Policella near Verona, whose income should replace apparently Isaacs salary. At least since the end of 1511 Isaac holds back on in Florence. On January 4, 1512, he sold his house in the Via dell'Ariento in the San Lorenzo district - likely the house of the late Piero Bello - and buys another in Via del Cocomero (now Via Ricasoli) in the district of San Marco.
On September 1, the Medicis attracted back into Florence. However, Isaac was perhaps with the idea of leaving Florence for some time. This indicated that he cleric Andrea Pasquini began his proxy on 16 November 1512 and on November 24, 1512 touched down his second testament. Two changes: he wanted to be buried in the grave by the Brotherhood of di Sancte Barbara in the same chapel in S. Maria de Servis ( S. Annunziata).
On March 13, 1513, Cardinal Giovanni de ' Medici, Lorenzo the Magnificent 's son, as Leo X was elected Pope. Isaac congratulated him with the motet " Optime divino date munere pastor ", which was perhaps written for the visit of the Habsburg envoy Matthew country in Rome in November / December 1513. It may be that Isaac himself went to Rome to please to do there after resuming his grade and an office in Florence.
On May 10, 1514 Giuliano II wrote de 'Medici, younger brother of the Pope, to his nephew Lorenzo, now heading the main branch of the Florentines, and asked this to a pension for Isaac. Two days later taught Lorenzo's secretary from Rome a letter to Florence and informed his masters both Giulanos letter than one that had been written on behalf of the Pope. Those in power in Florence responded promptly. On May 30, 1514 Warden of the Opera del Duomo ordered payments to "Master Arrigo, the singer ". On August 19, 1514 Administration of S. Annunziata followed, specifically at the request of the Pope. Further payments are recorded 1514-1516. Isaac's title as " chief " or " presidente della capella" was honorary.
Similar efforts as to obtain a Florentine board undertook Isaac even with Maximilian I.. Probably he went to this end in the fall of 1514 to Innsbruck, where Maximilian on October 9, ordered the resumption of payments to Isaac. Payments came about only after Maximilians arrangements on January 27, 1515.
From November 30 1515 to February 19, 1516 visited Leo X. Florence. Polyphonic Masses San Lorenzo were daily sung on this occasion. Certainly Isaac participated in the musical aspect of the visit, although it is not known what was set out in detail.
From autumn 1516 Isaac was sick. On December 4, 1516, he sat on his third will, which largely repeated the orders of the previous ones. On March 26, 1517 he died and was buried a day later; at the request of his widow a fair had been performed. Isaac's widow died on 30 May 1534 after she had made her will on February 3, 1521 and her younger sister Antonia and her niece Mary, the daughter of her sister Margherita with Charles de Launoy used.
The work
Media
Innsbruck, I must leave you? / I