Heinz Pose

Heinz Pose ( born April 10, 1905 in Königsberg, † November 13, 1975 in Dresden ) was a German nuclear physicist. He played a role in the Soviet atomic bomb project in the postwar period.

Studies and early career

Pose studied mathematics, physics and chemistry in Königsberg, Munich, Göttingen and Halle. In 1928 he completed his doctorate under Nobel laureate Gustav Hertz Hall. In 1929 he achieved the first experimental evidence of the resonant conversion in core processes of aluminum nuclei with alpha particles. He led groundbreaking work into discrete energy states by in excited atomic nuclei. Until 1938, he extended these studies on lighter nuclei. Pose met in November 1933 in the SA and was on May 1, 1937 member of the NSDAP. After his habilitation in 1934 he received a teaching appointment of Atomic Physics in Halle.

Professorship and Uranverein

1939 pose was appointed adjunct professor at the University of Halle. In 1940 he was summoned to the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin- Dahlem, to perform there research contracts for nuclear research. There he was able to prove the spontaneous neutron emission of the elements uranium and thorium as a result of spontaneous fission. Subsequently he moved to the Physikalisch-Technische Reich Institute and worked there and at the Experimental Station of the Army Ordnance Department in Gottow the G1 experiment, a uranium machine. In 1944 he moved to the Physics Institute of the University of Leipzig to participate in the development of a cyclotron for isotope separation.

Research in the Soviet Union

At the end of the Second World War, the Soviet Union tried to secure the research results and the scientists of the uranium Association for the Soviet atomic bomb project. In 1946, he was head of one of three set up for German nuclear physicist in the Soviet Union research laboratories that had the goal to develop a Soviet nuclear bomb within five years. Won in the fall of 1945 for employees, headed pose from February 1946 to 1955 the Labor W in Obninsk. The lab worked on the measurement of nuclear constants and explored a nuclear reactor with beryllium as a moderator also has a gas-cooled, operated with enriched uranium reactor studied. Later works were aimed at the separation of isotopes. Then pose worked until 1959 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, exploring in particular the proton-proton interactions at high energies.

During this period pose was repeated under surveillance by Western intelligence agencies such as the Organisation Gehlen in Germany visit. 1958 tried to get him his brother Werner pose to persuade the CIA to Settle Over in the U.S., whereupon Heinz Pose, however, did not respond.

Professorship in Dresden

In 1959 Pose went as Director General of the Institute of Nuclear Engineering at the Technical University of Dresden and took over the Chair of Neutron Physics of reactors. The chair was renamed in the following years, first in the Department of Experimental Nuclear Physics, and later in the Department of Experimental Physics / Nuclear Physics. In 1968, the institute was transformed into the science field of nuclear physics. Until his retirement in 1970, Professor pose researched there mainly due to the inelastic scattering and polarization of neutrons.

He has received numerous national awards including the 1961 Patriotic Order of Merit in silver and 1975 gold.

Pose died in 1975 in Dresden. His grave is in the local old Anne Cemetery.

Selected Publications

Nuclear Physics Research Reports

His research results for the Uranverein pose published in the top-secret nuclear physical research reports:

  • F. Berkei, W. Borrmann, W. Czulius, Kurt Diebner, Georg Hartwig, KH hump, W. Herrmann, H. Pose, and Ernst Rexer report on a cube experiment with uranium oxide and paraffin ( 26 November 1942 ). G -125.
  • Heinz Pose and Ernst Rexer experiments with different geometric arrangements of uranium oxide and paraffin (12 October 1943). G- 240.

Journal of Physics

  • Heinz Pose Experimental studies on the diffusion of slow electrons in noble gases Journal of Physics, Volume 52, Number 5-6, 428-447 (1929 )
  • Heinz Pose measurement of single particle radiation in the presence of intense gamma rays, Journal of Physics, Volume 102, Number 5-6, 379-407 (1936 )

Works

  • Introduction to the physics of the atomic nucleus, German Academic Publishers, 1971.

Bibliography

  • Klaus Hentschel and Ann M. Hentschel (Eds.): Physics and National Socialism: An Anthology of Primary Sources ( Birkhäuser, 1996) ISBN 0-8176-5312-0
  • Mark Walker: German National Socialism and the Quest for Nuclear Power 1939-1949 (Cambridge, 1993) ISBN 0-521-43804-7
Germans Gustav Ludwig Hertz Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Waffenamt German nuclear energy project Kernphysikalische Forschungsberichte Neues Deutschland Integrated Authority File
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