Helminthotheca echioides

Natternkopf -bitter herb ( Helminthotheca echioides )

The snake head -bitter herb ( Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub; Syn: Picris echioides L. ), also called Wurmlattich, is a flowering plant in the sunflower family ( Asteraceae). This species was ( Picris ) calculated previously to the genus bitter herbs, but is now placed in the genus Helminthotheca. It is a located in Central Europe in- propagation neophyte.

Description

When Natternkopf -bitter herb is an annual, herbaceous plant that usually reaches heights of growth between 30 and 80 cm. The upright, branchy branched stem is hairy bristly. The lower leaves are ovate -oblong, sinuate dentate and narrowed into the stalk, the upper rather lanceolate, serrated and slightly amplexicaul. The leaves carry on small white pustules growing bristles, which are partly occupied with barbs.

The flower baskets sitting on top of the branches. All bracts are awned with stiff bristles. The strikingly large, wide, oval to heart-shaped Außenhüllblätter are almost as long as the inner ones, which are much narrower, however. The flower heads contain only yellow ray florets, with the marginal ones are outside often crowded purple.

The long- beaked achenes, which have a feathery pappus, grow in the inner part of the cup straight, while the outer are curved.

The Wurmlattich predominantly flowers in the months of June to August.

Location and distribution

The species grows in weeds companies in banks, in fields, on dams and between debris. Frequently one finds the snake head -bitter herb also on the way and roadsides.

The original home of Wurmlattichs is the Mediterranean. The entire range extends but of North Africa and the Canary Islands to the Crimea, Turkey and Iran. Also in Australia and North and South America comes the style as a neophyte.

In Germany, the style is very scattered, especially in the central and southern part. It is understood, however in the propagation. In Austria and Switzerland, the snake head -bitter herb is rare and usually fickle found throughout the area.

Through regular spread of seeds, the species can also prevail outside the Mediterranean area, where it can be called from a fixed naturalization in Western and Central Europe.

  • Flower
  • Laubblatt
  • Habitus and typical location
  • Stem

Medicinal plant

The Wurmlattich was formerly often cultivated as a remedy for worm infestation (name ). Mostly you will find this practice even today in the Mediterranean area, where the lettuce is eaten as a wild vegetables.

Swell

  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (ed. ): The ferns and flowering plants of Baden -Württemberg. Second, enlarged edition. Volume 1: General Section, Special Section ( Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta ): Lycopodiaceae to Plumbaginaceae, Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart ( Hohenheim) 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3322-9.
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raymond Fischer, Manfred A. Fischer (ed.): Excursion Flora of Austria. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6.
  • Christian Heitz: Training and Exkursionsflora for Switzerland. With consideration of the border areas. Identification guide for the wild vascular plants. Founded by August Binz. 18 fully revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4.
  • Erich Oberdorfer: Phytosociological Exkursionsflora. Assisted by Theo Müller. 6th revised and enlarged edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart ( Hohenheim), 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3.
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated Flora. Germany and adjacent areas. Cryptogams and flowering plants. Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0.
  • Werner Greuter, Eckhard von Raab - Straube ( Eds.): Med - Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum - mediterranean countries. Vol 2 ( Dicotyledones: Compositae). Organization for the Phyto - Taxonomic Investigation of the Mediterranean Area ( OPTIMA ), Geneva 2008, ISBN 978-2-8279-0011-4, p 240
  • Werner Greuter: Compositae (per parte majore ): Helminthotheca echioides. In: Werner Greuter, Eckhard von Raab - Straube ( Eds.): Compositae. Euro Med Plant Base - the information resource for Euro - Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2006-2009.
  • Walter Erhardt, Erich Götz, Nils Boedeker, Siegmund Seybold: The Great walleye. Encyclopedia of plant names. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7.
Cichorioideae Josef Ludwig Holub Pappus (flower structure)
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