Hemiodontidae

Hemiodus sp. in the aquarium Berlin.

Keulensalmler ( Hemiodontidae ) live with nearly 30 species in five genera in northern and central South America, south to the Río Paraná and Río Paraguay.

Features

Keulensalmler are lean, nimble, 7 to 30 centimeters long shoal fish. Your body is spindle-shaped. The caudal fin is always cut deep. Usually a fat fin is present. The mouth is often slightly inferior. The lower jaw of adult Keulensalmler is toothless, or the teeth are reduced. Most species show a round black spot on the body sides and a black bar on the lower Schwanzflossenlobus. The number of vertebrae is 40 to 45 Among the Keulensalmler there are herbivores, nursery and omnivores.

  • Fins formula: pectoral 18-23, Ventral 9-11.
  • Dandruff formula: SL 50-125.

Species of the subfamily Hemiodontinae live in open water, the species of the subfamily Anodinae hold on at ground level.

As an aquarium fish they need a bigger cage. They are very oxygen- needy and very sensitive when catching.

Inside systematics

  • Family Keulensalmler ( Hemiodontidae ) Subfamily Anodinae Genus Anodus Cuvier, 1829 Anodus elongatus Agassiz, 1829
  • Anodus orinocensis ( Steindachner, 1887)
  • Micromischodu sugillatus Roberts, 1971
  • Tribus Bivibranchiini Genus Bivibranchia Eigenmann, 1912 Bivibranchia bimaculata Vari, 1985
  • Bivibranchia fowleri ( Steindachner, 1908)
  • Bivibranchia notata Vari & Goulding, 1985
  • Bivibranchia simulata Gery, Planquette & Le Bail, 1991
  • Bivibranchia velox ( Eigenmann & Myers, 1927)
  • Argonectes longiceps ( Kner, 1858)
  • Argonectes robertsi Langeani, 1999
  • Genus Hemiodus Müller, 1842 Hemiodus amazonum ( Humboldt, 1821)
  • Hemiodus argenteus Pellegrin, 1909
  • Hemiodus atranalis ( Fowler, 1940)
  • Hemiodus goeldii Steindachner, 1908
  • Hemiodus gracilis Günther, 1864
  • Hemiodus huraulti ( Gery, 1964)
  • Hemiodus immaculatus Kner, 1858
  • Hemiodus iratapuru Langeani & Moreira, 2013
  • Hemiodus jatuarana Langeani, 2004
  • Hemiodus microlepis Kner, 1858
  • Hemiodus orthonops Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903
  • Hemiodus parnaguae Eigenmann & Henn, 1916
  • Hemiodus quadrimaculatus Pellegrin, 1909
  • Hemiodus semitaeniatus Kner, 1858
  • Hemiodus sterni ( Gery, 1964)
  • Hemiodus ternetzi Myers, 1927
  • Hemiodus Thayeria Bohlke, 1955
  • Hemiodus tocantinensis Langeani, 1999
  • Hemiodus unimaculatus ( Bloch, 1794)
  • Hemiodus vorderwinkleri ( Gery, 1964)
Taxonomic rank#All ranks Ostariophysi Pieter Bleeker Joseph S. Nelson FishBase
384958
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