Hermannskogel

Steep view of the tube Erwiese to Hermannskogel. On the horizon, the top of the observation tower

The Hermannskogel is 542 m above sea level. A. the highest point of the municipality of Vienna and is located at the border to Lower Austria. Habsburgwarte on its summit until 1918 was the fundamental point in the survey network Austria -Hungary.

Geography

The Hermannskogel is a wooded, comb-like mountain in the northern Vienna Woods. With 542 meters it is the main peak of Bald Mountain and the highest mountain in Vienna. It lies in a north-eastern foothills of the Eastern Alps and the Flysch Zone is geologically belong, which is composed of quartz, and calcareous marl and other sediments. Particularly his rocks can be seen on the southwest rise, where they form several cliff -like levels.

Three miles east of Hermann Kogels are the Vienna hills Kahlenberg and Leopold mountain, behind which lies the Vienna Gate ( breakthrough of the Danube into the Vienna Woods ), and in half the distance of the Vogelsangberg as well as in the southwest of Dreimarkstein.

History

The first documented mention was made of the mountain in 1355 as hermannschobel in the tithe of the Klosterneuburg Monastery. The name goes back to the common medieval given name Hermann and contains as base word in the mountain names frequently occurring term Kogel or Kobel for a cone-shaped mountain. In the Middle Ages the Hermannskogel was still covered with vineyards. At its slope to the saddle between Sievering and Weidling, probably was the wine-growing village Kogel, Brunn was first mentioned in 1237 as chogelbrunne documented. In a walking guide to Vienna 1835, we read:

1256 the village of Albero of Feldberg was ceded to the Stift Klosterneuburg. 1346 the place was still present, but decreased in the late 15th century to reason, presumably by the ravages of the Hungarians. The village eventually disappeared also the vineyards and wild forest growth covered the summit again.

1683 encamped here the relief army from Saxony and other parts of the Holy Roman Empire, which ended the Second Siege of Vienna. In the 19th century, several request of the Klosterneuburg Abbey were rejected, to build on the Hermannskogel a lookout tower. Until 1888, the 27 meter high Habsburgwarte was ( 1938-1974 Hermannskogel waiting ) built and opened a year later.

The Hermannskogel as a fundamental point

Habsburgwarte at the top of the steep sandstone rock was chosen at the end of the 19th century as a fundamental point ( origin ) of the National Survey of Austria - Hungary. In the 1920s, Austria was, however, (such as Germany) to the 3 ° - strip system of Gauss -Krüger projection. As a fundamental point of Hermannskogel had the same function as the Rauen Berg in Berlin. In the near future, the transition to the European Terrestrial Reference System will be done.