Hibiscus moscheutos
Sumpfeibisch (Hibiscus moscheutos )
The Sumpfeibisch (Hibiscus moscheutos ), also known as Rose of Sharon, is a plant of the genus Hibiscus (Hibiscus ) in the mallow family ( Malvaceae ).
Description
It is a hardy, perennial herbaceous plant. It reaches heights of growth to about 2 meters. The above-ground parts of plants die off in the winter; drives the plant in the spring from new from the rootstock. The leaves are undivided; They are 15 to 20 cm long and 5-7 cm wide. The leaves are hairy on the underside velvety, hairless on the top.
The flowers are about palm size; However, they reach a diameter of about 15 centimeters, with many cultivated forms up to 30 cm. They are white or pink, sometimes tinged with delicate dark pink, shaded in the middle of the stamp light pink to dark carmine. The single flower only blooms for one day. The insects that pollinate the large flowers in the native to North America, but do not occur in Europe. As with all representatives of the subfamily Malvoideae the many stamens are fused into a tube surrounding the stamp, the so-called Columna.
In the warmest locations in Germany (wine -growing regions such as the Rheingau) drives the plant from April and continues from the end of June to the flower buds. For a good approach of flowers Sumpfeibisch requires very warm summer temperatures.
Distribution and location
The home of Sumpfeibisch located in the southeastern North America, where preferred as natural locations swamp and marshland. The plant has been introduced into many parts of the world; the present distribution area includes large areas of the eastern United States to medium ( to the west to Utah and New Mexico), Hawaii, France, Italy and Spain.
When it rains and lower temperatures ( below 16 ° C) lazy and fall off the buds unopened. The Sumpfeibisch tolerated poorly the close proximity of ground-covering herbaceous plants (eg Pachysandra ).
Propagation
The propagation by division of the root ball is possible relatively easily in older plants. After the division may take up to the first flower formation up to two years. Propagation may also be effected by cuttings. These are obtained from a drive which, cut into 15 cm long pieces, is rooted in water or in moist garden soil. Likewise, the Rose of Sharon can be propagated from seeds; sowing outdoors, however, should be made only after the last frosts.
System
The first description by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus was published in 1753.
There are three subspecies:
- Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. incanus ( JC Wendl. ) H. E. Ahles
- Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. moscheutos
- Hibiscus moscheutos subsp. palustris (L.) R. T. Clausen
Initially, many differing from the nominate subspecies as separate species Hibiscus incanus JC Wendl. and Hibiscus palustris L. been described.
There are many cultivated forms arose; Breeding goal were partly particularly large flowers, part of particularly small stature. Here a selection of cultivated forms:
- ' Anne Arundel ': plant to about 1.7 m high; pink flower diameter of about 22 cm.
- ' Blue River II': Large white flowers.
- 'Disco Belle Mix': plant to about 2 m high; Flowers to about 25 cm in diameter; Flower color varies from white to dark red.
- 'Lady Baltimore ': plant to about 1.7 m high; Flowers pink with red center.
- ' Lord Baltimore ': plant to about 1.7 m high; red flowers of about 25 cm diameter.
- ' Mallow Marvels ': plant to about 1.3 m high; Flowers of 15 cm in diameter; Flower Color red, white and pink.
- ' Southern Belle ': plant to about 1 m high; red, pink and white flowers of about 25 cm diameter.
- 'Sweet Caroline ': plant to about 2 m high; Pink flowers streaked with darker center and with dark nerves lines; the flower edges are crimped.
- ' Turn of the Century ': plant about 2 to 2.6 m high; Flowers red and pink.