Hosta

Cultivar Hosta ' Bressingham Blue'

The hostas ( Hosta Tratt, Syn: .. Funkia explosive ), also called Heart Leaf Lily, are a genus of the subfamily of Agave ( Agavoideae ) within the family of asparagus -like ( Asparagaceae ). Most species are originally from Japan and neighboring Asian countries, each a few species from China, Korea and Russia.

The genus is named after the German botanist and pharmacist Heinrich Christian Funck (1771-1839) or after the Austrian botanist and personal physician Nicolaus Thomas Host ( 1761-1834 ).

Description

Hosta species grow as a perennial, herbaceous plants. They form horizontal, large, short, often branched rhizomes; sometimes they form foothills. They bring many undergraduate, spirally arranged leaves out with long petioles. It is possible that the formation of new hosta varieties having other leaf colors, so-called sport.

The stem of the inflorescence is usually busy with some seated, bract -like leaves. The terminal, racemose inflorescence contains few to many flowers and green to white bracts. The hermaphrodite, threefold flowers have a short peduncle. The six white to blue or purple bracts are fused to Roehrig bell-shaped. The six stamens are usually free, rarely adherent to the base of the bloom. It made ​​with many black winged seed pod fruit.

Species

There are about 40 to 45 Hosta species, including:

  • Hosta aequinoctiiantha Koidz. & Araki, Origin: Japan.
  • Hosta albofarinosa D.Q. Wang: This type is a Chinese endemic on grassy slopes at altitudes of about 800 meters in the south-eastern part of Anhui Province.
  • Hosta capitata ( Koidz. ) Nakai, Origin: Japan, Korea.
  • Hosta cathayana F. Maek.
  • Hosta clausa Nakai, Origin: Korea ( Kekei ).
  • Dainty white border - Hosta ( Hosta decorata LH Bailey )
  • Hosta ensata F. Maek. The species is native to Korea, Russia and China at altitudes from 0 to 500 meters (only in the southern areas of the two provinces of Jilin and Liaoning ).
  • Hosta fluctuans F. Maek, home. Japan ( Honshu ).
  • Hosta gracillima F. Maek, home. Japan.
  • Hosta hypoleuca Murata, Origin: Japan.
  • Hosta ibukiensis
  • Hosta jonesii
  • Hosta kikutii F. Maek, home. Japan ( Kyushu ).
  • Hosta kiyosumiensis F. Maek, home. Japan ( Honshu ).
  • Lance leaf plantain lily ( Hosta lancifolia ( Thunb. ) Engl ), Origin: Japan.
  • Hosta longipes ( Franch. & Sav. ) Matsum, home. Japan, Korea.
  • Hosta longissima F. Maek, home. Japan.
  • Hosta minor ( Baker) Nakai, Origin: Korea, Japan?
  • Mountain Hosta ( Hosta montana F. Maek. ), Origin: Japan.
  • Hosta nakaiana
  • . Hosta nigrescens ( Makino ) F. Maek, Origin: Japan ( Honshu ).
  • Hosta pachyscapa F. Maek, home. Japan ( Honshu ).
  • Lily Hosta ( Hosta plantaginea ( Lam.) Asch. ) - A Chinese endemic species in forests, rocky areas and on grassy slopes at altitudes 0-2200 meters in the provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu and Sichuan.
  • Hosta pulchella N. Fujita, Origin: Japan.
  • Hosta pycnophylla F. Maek, home. Japan.
  • Hosta rectifolia Nakai, Origin: Amur, Sakhalin, Japan.
  • Hosta rohdeifolia F. Maek, home. Japan ( Honshu ).
  • Hosta rupifraga Nakai, Origin: Japan, Korea.
  • Hosta shikokiana
  • Blue Leaf Hosta ( Hosta sieboldiana ( Hook. ) Engl ), Origin: Japan.
  • White Edge Hosta or narrow- leaf plantain lily ( Hosta sieboldii ( Paxton ) JW Ingram ), Origin: Japan.
  • Autumn Hosta ( Hosta tardiflora (W. Irving ) Stearn )
  • Hosta tardiva Nakai, Origin: Japan.
  • Hosta tibae
  • Hosta tortifrons
  • Hosta tsushimensis N. Fujita, Origin: Japan.
  • Snow Feather Hosta ( Hosta undulata ( Otto & A. Dietr ) LH Bailey. ) - A commonly cultivated species with many varieties.
  • Bell - Hosta ( Hosta ventricosa Stearn ) - a Chinese endemic in forests, grassy slopes and hillsides at altitudes 500-2400 m in the provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Sichuan. It is planted with several varieties in many areas of the world as an ornamental plant.
  • Hosta venusta F. Maek, home. Japan.
  • Hosta yingeri S. B. Jones, Origin: Korea.

Use as an ornamental plant

Hostas are especially used as foliage perennials and are seen as important elements shaded or semi -shaded garden areas on fresh soils, but can also grow in pots. All types and varieties are hardy perennials that thrive in Central Europe, they are undemanding and robust. This has contributed to the Hosta was chosen by the federal German perennial gardener Perennial Plant of the Year 2009

The leaves are often colored (yellow, blue, green) and patterned (eg variegated ). The original importance of the species has declined in the late 20th century due to the growing number of varieties.

Propagation

Pure species are usually propagated by the frost quite hard seed, grade, however, rather vegetatively, usually by division. Professional Nurseries in the USA, Great Britain, the Netherlands and Germany, however, increasingly go on to tissue culture.

Pictures

White Colorful leaves of hosta cultivars undulata 'Variegata'.

View of a flower with six bloom cladding, six stamens and the style of Hosta plantaginea.

Hosta fortunei ' picta ':

Swell

  • Xinqi Chen, David E. Boufford: Hosta. In: Wu Zheng -yi, Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China. Volume 24: Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae, Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2000, ISBN 0-915279-83-5, p 204, online (English ).
  • Frederick H. Utech: Hosta. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford et al 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5, p 222, online (English ).
  • Walter Erhardt, Erich Götz, Nils Boedeker, Siegmund Seybold: The big walleye. Encyclopedia of plant names. Band. 2 species and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7.
Sport (botany) Hardiness (plants) Plant tissue culture
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