Hyphodontia sambuci
Elderberry bark fungus ( Hyphodontia sambuci )
The elderberry bark fungus ( Hyphodontia sambuci syn. Hyphoderma sambuci, Lyomyces sambuci, Roger Ella sambuci ) is a common fungal species from the family of Lyozystidenpilzverwandten ( Tubulicrinaceae ). It has a very great morphological variation, a particularly large substrate spectrum and a wide publicity. Moreover, since different among themselves not crossable groups were observed under the taxon a collective species is suspected.
Features
The fruiting bodies are perennial. They lie on the substrate completely ( resupinat ) and are anchored firmly to this. They are white to cream- colored and form up to several decimetres large areas. Later, they become thin - crusty, making them some distance considered act like a whitewash. The surface is, however, tuberculate to slightly warty. In addition, it is somewhat dull and cracked when dry.
The spores are hyaline, ellipsoid in shape and have one to three drops of oil. They are 4.5-7 × 3-4 large.
Artabgrenzung
The elderberry bark fungus is easily recognized at its preferred substrate by the white, thin coverings.
Ecology and phenology
The elderberry bark fungus is found in virtually all plant communities. In woods and forests, he is also to be found as in trees, forest edges, thickets, roadsides, parks and other habitats.
The fungus lives as Saprobiont of wood and bark. He settled loaded and debarked trunks and branches of living as dead trees and shrubs, and lying trunks, branches and twigs. Sometimes he is even to be found on last year's stems of shrubs and grasses. The populated substrates have considerable spectrum, elderberries are very particularly preferred. In addition to other hardwoods, the fungus is also found in conifers and shrubs. In addition, it rarely grows on other substrates such as bulrush, woody herb stems or other fungi.
The elderberry bark fungus can be found all year round.
Dissemination
The elderberry bark fungus is probably spread to all continents, where it is found in the pantemperaten to tropical regions. Thus, the fungus is found in the Holarctic and in Taiwan, Australia and New Zealand. In the Holarctic, it has a submeridionale to temperate distribution. Thus it can be found in North America ( USA, Bermuda), Europe (including the Azores), North Africa and North Asia ( Siberia, Altai ).
In Europe, the territory of France and Italy extends across the whole of Central Europe to the Hebrides and Scandinavia and eastwards to Ukraine. In Germany, the fungus is spread tightly on the coast and on the islands. In the Alps it is found up to an altitude of 1,500 meters.