Idaea subsericeata
Gray lines Dwarf tensioner ( idaea subsericeata )
The gray lines Dwarf tensioner ( subsericeata idaea ), also called Olive Grey Small clamps or Olivgrauer small tensioner, is a butterfly (moth ) from the family of the tensioner ( Geometridae ).
Features
The moths reach a wingspan of 18-22 mm; generations ( one year ) are 13 to 20 millimeters on average significantly smaller. The base color is bright white, sometimes even glossy white to slightly brownish white. The transverse lines are gray or even slightly brownish. A total of five transverse lines are usually present, which are barely waved but slightly denticulate with a significant drawing. Inner and outer transverse line are usually clearly marked, the center napkin often slightly wider, but slightly washed out. The two transverse lines on the Saumfeld are dark limits of the vertical line basically. The seam line is marked with dark spots, which are often elongated in the direction of Saumrandes or may be connected to one another by lines. You can also virtually absent. Diskalflecke are usually present but often not very prominent to almost absent.
The oval egg contains in the middle of the top of a well. The surface has small, shallow pits. First, it is bright yellow and turns later bright orange with red spots.
The caterpillar is relatively slender, the diameter decreases toward the front end a little. It is whitish to gray, gray, gray-brown or brown and shows a slightly reddish back. The surface appears wrinkled and covered with fine warts. The back line is relatively narrow, dark and lined with dark spots. The side lines are yellowish white. The large head carries in the middle of an indentation the apex.
In the blackish -brown to golden-brown pupa, the wing venation records the greenish elytra significantly. She is nine millimeters long and measures 2.9 millimeters in diameter. The cremaster is about as long as wide and set with four pairs of hook-shaped curved bristles.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The species is widespread in southern and western Europe, including England, Ireland and southern Scotland. In Central Europe, however, there are only a few, some isolated occurrences in western and south-western Germany, Slovakia, Austria, Slovenia and Hungary. Larger areas where the species occurs there on the Balkan peninsula with two foothills to the north of Romania. In the east, the distribution area draws on an isolated occurrence in the Crimea, the East Turkey to the Caucasus region and possibly in the Central Asian mountains. The evidence from these areas are sometimes very old, need to be confirmed or have already proved to be misidentifications. Therefore, the eastern border of the distribution is still uncertain. In the south the way to all the major Mediterranean islands (except Malta) and the Greek islands in the Mediterranean to Cyprus is home, and thence along the southeast coast of Turkey to Israel. In North Africa, there are two smaller isolated occurrence in Morocco and a greater incidence of eastern Algeria to Tunisia. Other evidence in North Africa have proven to be errors. In the northern part of the area of distribution amount, the species occurs from sea level to about 600 meters in front. To the south it rises to 1000 meters, in Turkey also to 1900 meters.
The species is warmth. It prefers warm slopes, sun-exposed forest edges and clearings, hedgerows, dry grasslands, fallow fields, open vineyards and dry salt marshes near the coast.
Phenology and life
The type usually forms two or three generations per year. In the southern Mediterranean area and the Middle East, new generations may arise throughout the year. In Western and Central Europe two generations are formed, whose moth fly from early May to late June and from late July to late September. The moths are active mainly at dusk. They are attracted by artificial light sources and can bait.
The caterpillars live polyphagous wilted or moldy plant material of various herbaceous plants. Are shown z.T. probably only in the breeding season: arable pimpernel ( Anagallis arvensis), Common chickweed ( Stellaria media ), Plantain ( Plantago ), smartweed ( Polygonum aviculare ), sorrel ( Rumex ), plum (Prunus domestica), Common Goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea ), garden salad (Lactuca sativa) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). The breeding demonstrably succeeded with wilted leaves of hawkweed ( Hieracium ), Bird Vetch (Vicia cracca ) Labkräuter ( Galium ), Bellflower (Campanula ), beech (Fagus ) and petals of anise (Pimpinella anisum ). The caterpillar overwinters.
System
The species was described in 1809 by Adrian Hardy Haworth under the name Phalaena subsericeata first time scientifically. Later foregoing descriptions under nine other names, all of which are junior synonyms.
Endangering
The species is regarded in Germany as endangered ( category 3). In North Rhine -Westphalia, it is threatened with extinction (Category 1). In Bavaria, the status in the latest version of the Red List ( category 0), however, is " extinct " by been changed to " Extremely rare species and species with a geographical restriction ". In Baden- Württemberg the status (category 2) was " high risk " is changed to not compromised.
The holdings take in England significantly.
For Baden- Württemberg is mentioned that the species is understood there seems to spread.