Indo-Scythians

As Indo- Scythian dynasty is called a kingdom that existed in northern India in the first century BC to the middle of the first century AD. Founder of the empire was Maues. The arrival of Maues in India is not clear, but from Chinese sources we learn that the Sakas ( Scythians ) were expelled from Central Asia and migrated to the south. Before the arrival of the Scythians, the region was in the hands of the Indo- Greeks who shaped coins with Greek inscriptions on the front and Kharoshthiinschriften on the back. The coins of the Indo- Scythians usually not show this a portrait of the ruler, but a tab on the front. On the back still appear mostly Greek deities.

The relationship of the Indo- Greeks to the Scythians is unclear. The previous researchers assumed that the Indo- Greeks were defeated and destroyed by the Scythians. However, there are also signs of a co-existence, which is also indicated that the Indo- Scythian coins were created by Greek models. Some Indo- Greek rulers seem to have become vassals of the Indo- Scythians and continue coined its own money and this could also temporarily push back.

The extent of the Empire of Maues, who called himself the king of kings is seen from the coinage. Accordingly, he ruled in Hazara, Kashmir, and Taxila in the North West Province ( northern Pakistan and parts of Afghanistan).

Maues, the founder of the empire, died 85 BC The situation after his death is difficult to reconstruct. It can now be found in various regions of various rulers who are mostly known only by their coinage. Their relationship is often unclear to each other. It is in individual cases often difficult to decide whether a certain ruler, reigned over the whole kingdom, a vassal, or ruler was a small independent kingdom. With Azes I ( 57-35 BC) started at 58/57 BC a new era ( era) and the ruler of large parts of North India seems to have also captured including Mathura, but there was apparently continue next his local rulers. Azes II (ca. 35-12 BC) lost the Indus, but could conquer parts of Afghanistan. At the end of his reign, there are other symptoms of decline in which other vassals of the kingdom loslösten. In the first century AD, the Indo- Scythians were gradually ousted by the Kushan and Indo- Parthians, with the latter in the minting of coins which are basically heavily to the Indo- Scythians and Indo- Parthians are also often considered part of the Indo- Scythians.

The most important ruler

Northwest India:

  • Maues, about 90-60 BC coin
  • Vonones, about 75-65 BC coin
  • Spalahores, about 75-65 v. Chr.Münze
  • Spalirises, about 65-57 BC coin
  • Azes I., about 57-35 v. Chr.Münze
  • Azilises, about 57-35 BC coin
  • Azes II, about 35-12 v. Chr.Münze
  • Zeionises, about 10 BC -10 AD
  • Kharahostes, about 10 BC -10 AD
  • Hajatria
  • Liaka Kusulaka, satrap of Chuksa
  • Kusulaka Patika, satrap of Chuksa and son of Liaka Kusulaka

Bajaur era ( Apracharaja - ruler ):

  • Vijayamitra ( 12 BC -15 AD)
  • Itravasu (about 20 AD)
  • Aspavarma ( 15-45 AD)

Mathura era:

  • Hagamasha ( satrap )
  • Haganah ( satrap )
  • Rajuvula, about 10 AD ( Great Satrap )
  • Sodasa, son of Rajuvula

Smaller ruler:

  • Bhadayasa
  • Mamvadi
  • Arsakes
Azes II. Vonones of Indo-Scythia Arsaces
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