Inner Austria

Territory of the Holy Roman Empire

Inner Austria is a summary name for the countries south of the Semmering, that is, the duchies of Styria (mark), Carinthia, Carniola and the coastal region. As a political entity, it existed as part of the Habsburg estate settlement 1379/1411-1457 and 1564-1619, residence was Graz.

The term became common in the mid- 15th century, as opposed to the states of Lower Austria ( the real Austria, ie Austria above the Enns / Upper Austria and Austria below the Enns / Lower Austria ) and the provinces of Upper Austria ( ie Tyrol and the Swabian territories ).

The first division was made between the Leopold and Albertine line, according to Albrecht III. with the braid and Leopold III. the righteous, the sons of Albrecht II of the ways through which Neuberger sharing agreement dated September 25, 1379 - and the subsequent redistributions 1395/6 (Treaty of Hollenburg ), 1406 (death of William the ambitious / friendly ) and 1411 (death of Leopold thicknesses ). The first Habsburg, who resided in Graz, was Ernst the Iron, his son Emperor Frederick III. resided there again and again.

In the course of the Second division of inheritance among the sons of Ferdinand I in 1564 the youngest son of Charles II received this complex country. This was organized as a separate country rule, which mainly had its own war authority. This had therefore moved the border guard against the Ottoman Empire to the task and was only in 1705 to Vienna. The installation of the Military Frontier was organized from Graz.

After Ferdinand III. of Inner Austria under the name of Emperor Ferdinand II in 1619, and sovereign of Bohemia (1617, with an interruption ) and low- Austrian lands had become the country complex merged gradually into the Habsburg Empire total. A governor of Inner Austria as an intermediary authority to the individual countries but held up to the time of Maria Theresa.

Dukes / Archdukes in Inner Austria

From the Leopoldine line:

  • Leopold III. , The righteous, (1351-1386), Duke of Austria, then of Inner Austria
  • Wilhelm, the Ambitious, 1396-1406, duke in Inner Austria
  • Leopold IV, thickness, 1406-1411
  • Seriously, the Iron 1411-1424
  • Frederick V from 1435, emperor 1452-1493 ( III.), he inherited in 1457 the remaining Habsburg lines.

From the line of Habsburg- Inner Austria:

  • Charles II, 1564-1590 Ernst [ II ], governor 1590-1593
  • Maximilian III. , Governor 1593-1595

Colloquial use

From residents of Vorarlberg, the term Inner Austria in the 21st century is used in reference to the geographical location and according to the affiliation of Vorarlberg to the old Upper Austria in the meaning " without Austria Vorarlberg " or " without Austria Vorarlberg and Tyrol ".

Imperial Circle Residenz Dynasty Bavarian language Semmering-Pass Leopold III, Duke of Austria Leopold IV, Duke of Austria Ernest, Duke of Austria Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor
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