Ivan Paskevich
Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich - Eriwanski, Count of Yerevan, Prince of Warsaw (also written Paskiewitsch; Russian Иван Фёдорович Паскевич, граф Эриванский; * 8 Maijul / May 19 1782greg in Poltava, .. . † 20 Januarjul / February 1 1856greg. Warsaw ) was a Marshal of the Russian army.
Life
Paskevich was appointed by Paul I. to his body pages and entered 1800 as a lieutenant and Imperial aide in the Preobrazhensky Regiment. After he had fought at Austerlitz, he was in 1806 added to the army of the Danube and made the campaigns against Turkey until 1812.
As a Major General he excelled 1812 at Smolensk, Borodino, Maloyaroslavets and Krasnoi. After the Battle of Leipzig, he became Lieutenant General and distinguished himself in 1814 at the Battle of Paris.
Paskevich accompanied the Grand Duke Michael 1817-1820 on his travels through Europe and was in 1823 adjutant general of the emperor.
On September 25, 1826 suggested Paskevich the Persians under Abbas Mirza at Jelisawetpol (now Ganja, Azerbaijan ), conquered the following year, the Persian Armenia and closed, after he had taken Yerevan on October 13, 1827 Tauris and Ardabil had occupied, on 22 February. , 1828 the Peace of Turkmantschai, whereupon he was elevated to the Count of Yerevan. Paskevich penetrated the Asiatic Turkey, defeated the Turks at Kars, took Akhaltsikhe, Kars, Doğubeyazıt and destroyed a second Turkish army at the sources of the Euphrates.
On August 9, drew a Paskevich in Erzurum and was Marshal. He subdued the mountain peoples in Dagestan in 1830 and took over in 1831 the supreme command of the army in Poland. After the fall of Warsaw on September 7, charged by the Emperor to the Prince of Warsaw and appointed governor of Poland, he began the Russification of the country. He performed on February 26, 1832 Organic Statute, which united Poland and Russia.
As the Empire of Austria 1849, the Russian intervention in Hungary was decided during the revolution of 1848/ 49, led Paskevich the capitulation of the Hungarian army at Világos (now Romania) and the subjugation of the country brought about. In 1850 he was appointed by the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia to General Field Marshal. In April 1854 he took over after the beginning of the Crimean War at the express request of Nicholas I. towards the supreme command of the Russian troops in the Principalities. He began in late April 1854 with the siege of the strategically important fortress of Silistra. The Ottoman General Omar Pasha led a relief force approach on June 10 and was victorious in the battles before Silistra. Paskevich left the army because he had suffered an injury, and was again governor of Poland. The siege of Silistra had to be after 55 days, abandoned on June 23. Paskevich died on 1 Februarjul. / February 13 1856greg. in Warsaw, where he was a bronze statue was erected in 1870.
Others
In 1854, in the Innsbruck news appeared the story of a fortune teller, the Paskiewitsch prophesied that he would " live only two years. " He actually died in 1856.
The standard variant of the Hungarian Tarot, Paskievics should be named after Paskevich.