Ivo of Chartres

Ivo of Chartres, French Yves de Chartres ( * around 1040 probably in Chartres, † December 23, 1115 in Chartres ) was a French church reformer and bishop of Chartres. He is venerated as a saint.

Ivo perhaps studied at the Abbey of Bec, where he should probably have been Lanfrancs students and fellow student of Anselm, the Archbishops of Canterbury were both later.

The first abbot, he headed the Canons, founded in 1067 St. Quentin in Beauvais. Finally, he was elected in 1090 to the bishop of Chartres, he was invested by Philip I and consecrated by Pope Urban II in Rome. When he refused to divorce the marriage of the French King, wanted to marry the Bertrade of Anjou, he was persecuted and imprisoned in 1092. Only under Pope Urban II Ivo was released. King Philip was excommunicated several times 1095-1104.

In the Investiture Controversy Ivo took a moderate position based on his ideas resolution of the dispute by the Concordat of Worms in 1122 but he did not live.

Ivo is considered an important pioneer of the classical development of high medieval scholastics and canonists.

The date of his canonization is unknown, his feast day is December 23.

Ivo's letters

Already in St. Quentin and especially as Bishop of Chartres Ivo wrote very many letters, of which almost 300 are obtained. Individual letters and collections thereof circulated during his lifetime in France, but also England, Germany and Italy. Probably shortly after his death two large collections have been created, in which almost all of today's letters are included and which are very often written off in the course of the 12th century. To date, about 150 medieval copies have received; Ivo's letter collection, making it one of the most widespread of the Middle Ages. The letters received treat very different issues, including Ivo's judgments and opinions on the marriages of various nobles, to the understanding of the Eucharist and over again to various disputed episcopal elections.

Four Ivo of Chartres attributed Collections

Generally

After the death of Gregory VII Ivo of Chartres tried a middle way between the demands of the Gregorian reform and the previous church law.

1 Collectio Tripartita A

The Tripartita consists of three parts (hence the modern name ). The first two parts are referred to as "A"; they have been compiled around the year 1094 and thus significantly older "B" third part called the collection ( see below). Part A is organized chronologically in many parts and includes true and false papal letters and conciliar decisions (especially from Pseudo-Isidore ), excerpts from texts as well as fathers and Roman Frankish law. Ivo's authorship is uncertain.

2 Decretum

Was built around 1094th Divided into 17 books with 3760 chapters and almost covers the entire territory of canon law. The texts are taken from Decrees, Councils, Church Fathers and the Christian emperors. It depends on the decree of Burchard of Worms, the Tripartita A ( above) and numerous smaller collections. Ivo added many patristic texts in his collection, which can be found in any previous collection of canon laws. Especially elaborated are the books to the sacraments.

3 Panormia

Also called Pannomia emerged after 1095th The collection was often attributed to Ivo since the 12th century, his authorship is not assigned. It consists of eight books with 1038 chapters and is essentially a shortened version of the Decretum Ivos. She was relatively short and their internal order allowed the rapid identification of the relevant body of content they contained the substance that was sufficient for the practice. So you found most influential and most widely used. 1499 appeared in Basel as a print.

4 Collectio Tripartita B

As the Panormia is the " Tripartita B" collection called essentially a shortened version of Ivo's Decretum. The collection was created after 1095 and united with the Tripartia A to a work; not physically complete manuscript contains only Tripartita A or B only Tripartita, although both were created separately and must have a long time also exists separately. Ivo's authorship is uncertain.