Jacobus de Voragine

Jacobus de Voragine (* 1228 or 1229 in Varazze in Genoa and in Genoa, † July 13 or July 14, 1298 in Genoa, alternative forms of the name: Jacobus a Voragine, Jacobus de Varagine, Jacobus da Voragine, Iacopo da Varazze, Jakob von Vorago ) was Archbishop and church Latin writer. He authored the widely of late medieval collection of saints' lives Legenda aurea.

Life

Jacobus joined the Dominican order in 1244 a. This was reported Jacobus himself in a short autobiographical note in his chronicle of the city of Genoa ( 1298 ). Other comments relate to a solar eclipse in 1239 ( when he was still a child, as he writes ) and a Kometensichtung 1264.

According to some ancient biographies he is said to have studied in Bologna and Paris and finally have become in the Dominican Order and master of theology ( theology professor ) Lector. This is neither testified how his office as Prior in Genoa and Asti, but he must have occupied a significant position within the Order, as he was in 1267 raised to the Provincial of Lombardy, a province in northern Italy included at the time. He said the Office of the Provincial from 1267 to 1277 and from 1281 to 1286. He also took over from 1283 (death of the Order's General Giovanni da Vercelli) to 1285 ( election of the new General Munio de Zamora) the function of the religious leader.

His attachment to his hometown showed Jacobus by in Genoa two precious relics secured for the Dominican Convent Sisters of Santi Giacomo e Filippo: on the one hand the fingers of the Apostle Philip, which he himself separated out in Venice from a stored there hand; on the other the head of one of the virgins of Saint Ursula, whom he left in 1283 converted from Cologne to Genoa.

1288 Jacobus took part in the election as Archbishop of Genoa. However, since no candidate could reach the majority of votes, the election was postponed. In the same year he was employed during the General Chapter of Lucca as Diffinitor. In the Order section of Ferrara in 1290, he supported yet Munio de Zamora, whose dismissal by representatives of the Roman Curia was requested and was enforced in 1291. 1292 Jacobus was appointed by Pope Nicholas IV to the Archbishop.

Beginning in 1295, he campaigned for the arbitration of disputes between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Genoa, reaching a peace agreement. In April of the same year he went on a diplomatic mission to Rome to Pope Boniface VIII, who wanted to achieve a prolongation of the armistice between Genoa and Venice. This mission lasted over 100 days without coming to a conclusion, what turned the patience Jacobus ' on a sample. In Genoa, however, kept the peace agreement between the Guelphs and Ghibellines only until the end of the year, when fighting broke loose again, during which the San Lorenzo Cathedral was lit.

After his death, his body was first buried in the church of San Domenico of religious convent in Genoa. In the 18th century it was transferred to the Dominican church of Santa Maria di Castello. Relics are kept in an urn in the church of San Domenico in Verazze.

Work

From 1260 Jacobus worked on the later Legenda aurea ( Golden Legend ) called Latin work, a collection of legends about the saints, which was ordered by the Ordinary.

A special feature of the text is the simple Latin, which gives it the typical legend character. The work can be considered as a model for later legends with its simple narrative style.

The Legenda aurea experienced a huge spread in the late Middle Ages and was translated into many vernacular languages ​​. There have been preserved over 1000 manuscripts.

The Latin Complete Edition, Johann Georg Theodor seizes published in 1846, was replaced in 1998 by Giovanni Paolo Maggioni.

James ' Chronicle of Genoa until 1297, is a valuable source for the history.

From it there are three collections of sermons, the Liber Marialis that represents a list of attributes of the Virgin Mary, and some other minor work.

Remembrance

He was beatified in 1816 by Pope Pius VII as a " peacemaker ". His feast day is July 13.

Works

  • Legend Sanctorum ( Legenda aurea, Historia Lombardica )
  • Sermones de omnibus Sanctis
  • Sermones de omnibus Evangeliis dominicalibus
  • Sermones de omnibus Evangeliis que in singulis feriis in Quadragesima leguntur
  • Liber Marialis
  • Chronica civitatis Ianuensis ab origine urbis usque ad annum MCCXCVII ( Chronicle of Genoa from the beginning to the year 1297 )
  • Legenda seu vita sancti Syri episcopi Ianuensis
  • Historia Sancti translationis reliquiarum Iohannis Baptistae Ianuam
  • Historia reliquiarum que sunt in monasterio sororum SS Philippi et Jacobi de Ianua
  • Tractatus miraculorum reliquiarum Sancti Florentii. and Historia translationis reliquiarum eiusdem
  • Passio Sancti Cassiani
  • Tractatus de libris a Beato Augustino Editis ( uncertain authorship )

Expenditure

  • Jacobi a Voragine The Golden Legend, ed.. of Johann Georg Theodor seizes, Dresden and Leipzig, 1846 ( digitized: MDZ, Internet Archive, Internet Archive )
  • Iacopo da Varazze: Legenda aurea, a cura di critica edizione Giovanni Paolo Maggioni, Florence 1998.
  • Iacopo da Varagine. Cronaca della città di Genova dalle origini al 1297 Testo latino in appendice, trad e note critiche di Stefania Bertini Guidetti. Genoa 1995.
  • Iacopo da Varazze: Sermones qvadragesimales. Ed. critica a cura di Giovanni Paolo Maggioni. Sismel, Firenze 2005.
  • Legenda aurea. Richard Benz ( translator's ). 2 volumes, Diederichs, Jena 1917-1921.
  • The Legenda aurea. Richard Benz ( translator's ). 15th Edition, ISBN 3-579-02560-0 Gütersloh 2007. ( German Complete Edition )
  • Legenda aurea. Ed, new trans. and with a detailed appendix vers. by Matthias hoe man, Cologne 2008 ISBN 978-3-86647-284-6. (Selection)
  • Legenda aurea. Lat. / Dt. Rainer Nickel ( translator's ). Reclam, Stuttgart 2011 ISBN 978-3-15-008464-9. ( Selection of 24 legends)
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