Jacques Friedel

Jacques Friedel ( born February 11, 1921 in Paris ) is a French physicist who deals with solid-state physics.

Family

Friedel comes from a scientist Dynasty. He is the son of the geologist and director (1937-1965) of the Ecole des Mines Edmond Friedel (1895-1972), grandson of mineralogists Georges Friedel (known for studies on liquid crystals ) and the great-grandson of mineralogists and organic chemist Charles Friedel (Professor at the Sorbonne ). His son Paul Friedel is research director at France Telecom.

He was married to Mary Horder, the wife of Nevill Mott 's sister.

Life and career

Friedel attended the Lycée Louis -le- Grand and Lycée Henri IV in Paris, preparatory classes in Bordeaux and Lyon and studied by labor and military service from 1944 to 1946 at the École Polytechnique and then to 1948 national at the École supérieure des mines in Paris. He was there at the Laboratory of Mineralogy active. From 1949 to 1952 he completed his doctoral studies at the University of Bristol in Nevill Mott (Ph. D. 1952), where he became acquainted with modern solid state physics and the theory of dislocations by Charles Frank. In 1954 he was at the University of Paris in physics doctorate ( Doctorat d' Etat ) on the electronic structure of defects in metals. To be an offer, succeeded his cousin Charles Crussard (1916-2008) as director of the Laboratory of Mineralogy ( and metallurgy), he refused, because he pursued a university career.

In 1956 he became a lecturer ( Maître de conférences ) at the University of Paris and completed his habilitation at the Institute Poincaré. In 1959 he became Professor of Solid State Physics at the University of Paris in Orsay, where he stayed until 1989. With André Guinier, Pierre- Gilles de Gennes and Raimond Castaing, he founded a laboratory for solid state physics.

Friedel founded in Orsay a school of solid state physicists. He dealt in over 200 scientific papers in particular with the electronic structure of metals and alloys, dislocations, about which he wrote a monograph, and clusters on surfaces.

Friedel was from 1978 to 1980 Head of the Advisory Committee of the French Government for research questions. He was President of the French and the European Physical Society.

Honours Awards

Writings

• Les Dislocations, Gauthier -Villars, Paris, 1956, 2nd edition disc Locations, Pergamon Press 1964