Jean Ruel
Jean Ruel (also Jean Du Ruel, de la Ruelle, Rueil, Ruell, latin Ruellius, a Ruella; * 1474 in Soissons, † September 24, 1537 in Paris) was a French humanist, physician and botanist.
Life and work
Ruel studied medicine in Paris ( Bachelor in 1500, Licentiate 1502). In 1506 he became professor of medical school, from 1508 to 1509 he served as its dean. Francis I appointed him as one of his personal physicians, he devoted Ruel several of his writings, including his still best-known work De natura stirpium ( 1536).
After the death of his wife Ruel took minor orders and was elected on December 12, 1526 as a canon in the cathedral chapter of Notre Dame.
Ruel, who is said to have acquired a self-taught after presentation of older biographies his knowledge of Latin and Greek, was related to the leading humanists of his time as Desiderius Erasmus and Guillaume Budé and was a sought-after collector of Greek and Latin manuscripts. He had, among other things, a manuscript of the Elements of Euclid, together with another manuscript of Lazare de Baif the basis for Simon Grynaeus Elder Editio princeps published (Basel 1533 made ). His own Editio princeps of Compostiones of Scribonius Largus (Paris 1528), which included in its prologue, the oldest known evidence of the Hippocratic Oath, was based on a since -lost manuscript, in the reproduction of Ruel pressure in addition to the secondary tradition in Marcellus Empiricus up in recently, offered the only witnesses of the Scriboniustextes.
Great reputation he acquired by his contemporaries for its first Latin edition of the Materia Medica of Dioscorides ( 1516), which contributed significantly to anchor the study of this work in the university classroom. From the Byzantine writings he translated the Therapeutikon of John Aktuarios ( De medicamentorum compositione, published posthumously in 1539 by Ruel's friend and collaborator Dionysius Coronius ) and, on behalf of Francis I., the Hippiatrika, a compilation of Veterinary Medicine ( veterinariae medicinae libri II, 1530 ), which later appeared in a Latin version based on Ruel's German translation of Gregory colliery villages ( from mancherley infirmities and diseases of the horse, Eger 1574; Roßarzney, Nuremberg 1575).
However, he scored was the most effective with his three-volume botanical and pharmaceutical lexicon De natura stirpiium ( 1536), which to some 600 plants in alphabetical order by their Latin name of child items, enclosing the French common name, details of Greek, Arabic and Latin sources, together with their own summarizes observations. De natura stirpium remained in the subsequent period, the most important reference work of its kind in the vorlinnéischen botany.
Based on his glosses to Moretum from the appendix Vergiliana later his compatriot Hubert Sussaneau published a commentary ( 1542).
Ehrentaxon
Charles Plumier named in his honor the genus Ruellia the plant family Acanthaceae the ( Acanthaceae ). Linnaeus later took the name.
Writings (selection )
- Pedacii Dioscoridis Anazarbei de materia libri quinque medicinali De virulentis animalibus, et venenis canerabioso, et corum notis ac remediis libri quattuor. Henri Étienne, Paris 1516 (online).
- Scribonii De compositionibus medicamentorum liber unus. Silvius, Paris 1528 (online).
- Avrelii Cornelii Celsi De re medica libri octo. Wechel, Paris 1529 (annexed to the Scriboniustext )
- Veterinariae medicinae libri duo. Simon de Colines, Paris 1530 (online)
- De Natura stirpium libri tres. Simon de Colines, Paris 1536 (online).
Posthumously:
- Actuarii De medicamentorum compositione. Conrad Neobarius, Paris 1539 (online).
- Hubert Sussaneau: In P. Virg. Maroni Moretum scholia, ex praestantissimis quibusque scriptoribus, maxim ex Jo. Ruellii (...) lucubrationibus huc transposita. Simon de Colines, Paris 1542nd
- Roßartzney: Zwey useful, very good books of mancherley infirmity of horse unnd other industrious animals. Ruel, Jean [Ed ]. Gerlach, Nürmberg 1575 Digitized edition of the University and State Library Dusseldorf.