Johann Ernst Hanxleden
Johann Ernst of Hanxleden, also known as Arnos Patiri, (* 1681 in Ostercappeln near Osnabrück, † March 21, 1732 in Pazhuvil, Kerala, India) was a Jesuit missionary and orientalist.
Life
Hanxleden came from the old Westphalian noble family of Hanxleden. He studied philosophy in Augsburg, competed with 18 years for the East Indian Jesuit mission and broke out on October 3, 1699 with the Fathers Wilhelm Weber and Wilhelm Mayer and the physician Franz Kaspar Schillinger of Augsburg in the Orient. About Italy, the group came first to Cyprus. There, joined by Hanxleden on 30 November 1699 the Society of Jesus. About Turkey, Asia Minor, Syria, Armenia and Persia it was on to Bender - Abbas on the Persian Gulf. There, the group continued their journey by ship continued to Surat (India). During the crossing, the two Jesuits Weber and Mayer ill, died and were buried at sea. After 15 months of travel of Hanxleden reached in December 1700, together with Franz Kaspar Schillinger the city Goa. He soon attracted further, in the south of India, lived in the Jesuit College Ambalakad, studied theology at the nearby St. Paul 's Seminary in Sampaloor ( Kerala ) and received there in 1705 ordained a priest. The Jesuits branch Ambalakad and St. Paul 's Seminary Sambaloor are nearby and are located in today's local area of Mala, Thrissur district, Kerala.
More than 30 years had a Father of Hanxleden as a missionary in Malabar. At first he stayed in Ambalakad and taught theology at the Seminary of 1705 Sambaloor. He became a specialist in local languages. He dominated Ostsyrisch, the liturgical language of the Thomas Christians, Sanskrit and Malayalam, the local vernacular. Father Hanxleden wrote several grammars ( Malayalam and Sanskrit ), dictionaries ( Malayalam - Portuguese, Sanskrit - Portuguese), many religious seals and songs. His Malayalam grammar is considered the first of these Indian language at all. The linguistic works remained largely unpublished. The Carmelite Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, archivist of the " Propaganda Fide " in Rome, later recovered several of them to the drafting of two Sanskrit grammars. Supported in his linguistic work Father Hanxleden his Konfratres and compatriots Bischopinck Bernhard (1690-1746) and Jakob Egger (1700-1765), and Anthony Pimentel (1676-1751), who afterwards became Archbishop of Angamaly.
Timeless celebrity earned Johann Ernst of Hanxleden aka " Amos Pathiri " in Kerala by the Malayalam hymns " Puthanpana " (New Hymn Book - Religious songs in praise of the Redeemer ). To this day, his lyrics are always set to music and recorded new on recordings; they are there to popular religious songs.
After his time in the Jesuit Mala became secretary of the Archbishop Joannes Ribeiro SJ of Angamaly (then based in Cranganore ), then pastor in Calicut and finally for 16 years in Velur, a village near Trichur .. Here he built the St. Francis Xavier Church, which was consecrated in 1712, is still original and has therefore stands as a "National Monument" under protection
Since 1729 Father Hanxleden was teaching at St. Paul 's Seminary in Sambaloor ( Mala ). Later, the Jesuit moved to Pazhuvil. Johann Ernst of Hanxleden died here of a snake bite near the St. Anthony Church, and was buried in this church. Later they built a monument to him there, under which one beisetzte his remains and there is now also a museum that maintains the memory of him.
The priest is also a lover of the game Chaturanga, the ancient Indian variant of our chess. This he had learned from local members of the Nambudiri caste and in his former rectory, in Velur, subscribed by him to the ground game characters are still recognizable today.
Works
- Pancha Parvam ( " Five Poems " ), Verapoly (India) 1873 ( Ernakulam 19062 )
- Puthanpana ( " new hymn book." Rel songs for prices of the Redeemer ), Alleppey (India) 1955
- Dictionary malabaricum - Lusitanum (Rome, Vatican Library ) ( with other authors )
- Malayalam dictionary. ( Coimbra University Library )
- Life of Christ (Bonn, Catholic missions)